Giammarile Francesco, Castellucci Paolo, Dierckx Rudi, Estrada Lobato Enrique, Farsad Mohsen, Hustinx Roland, Jalilian Amirreza, Pellet Olivier, Rossi Susana, Paez Diana
Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
Eur J Hybrid Imaging. 2019 Nov 29;3(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s41824-019-0066-2.
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is currently one of the main imaging modalities for cancer patients worldwide. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has earned its global recognition in the modern management of cancer patients and is rapidly becoming an important imaging modality for patients with cardiac, neurological, and infectious/inflammatory conditions.Despite its proven benefits, FDG has limitations in the assessment of several relevant tumours such as prostate cancer. Therefore, there has been a pressing need for the development and clinical application of different PET radiopharmaceuticals that could image these tumours more precisely. Accordingly, several non-FDG PET radiopharmaceuticals have been introduced into the clinical arena for management of cancer. This trend will undoubtedly continue to spread internationally. The use of PET/CT with different PET radiopharmaceuticals specific to tumour type and biological process being assessed is part of the personalised precision medicine approach.The objective of this publication is to provide a case-based method of understanding normal biodistribution, variants, and pitfalls, including several examples of different imaging appearances for the main oncological indications for each of the new non-FDG PET radiopharmaceuticals. This should facilitate the interpretation and recognition of common variants and pitfalls to ensure that, in clinical practice, the official report is accurate and helpful.Some of these radiopharmaceuticals are already commercially available in many countries (e.g. Ga-DOTATATE and DOTATOC), others are in the process of becoming available (e.g. Ga-PSMA), and some are still being researched. However, this list is subject to change as some radiopharmaceuticals are increasingly utilised, while others gradually decrease in use.
正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(PET/CT)是目前全球癌症患者主要的成像方式之一。氟代脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET/CT在癌症患者的现代管理中已获得全球认可,并正迅速成为心脏、神经以及感染/炎症性疾病患者的重要成像方式。尽管已证实其益处,但FDG在评估某些相关肿瘤(如前列腺癌)方面存在局限性。因此,迫切需要开发和临床应用能够更精确地对这些肿瘤进行成像的不同PET放射性药物。相应地,几种非FDG PET放射性药物已被引入临床用于癌症管理。这一趋势无疑将继续在国际上蔓延。使用针对特定肿瘤类型和所评估生物过程的不同PET放射性药物的PET/CT是个性化精准医学方法的一部分。本出版物的目的是提供一种基于病例的方法,以了解正常生物分布、变异及陷阱,包括每种新型非FDG PET放射性药物主要肿瘤学适应症的不同成像表现的几个示例。这应有助于解释和识别常见变异及陷阱,以确保在临床实践中官方报告准确且有帮助。其中一些放射性药物已在许多国家上市(如镓-奥曲肽和奥曲肽),其他药物正处于上市过程中(如镓-前列腺特异性膜抗原),还有一些仍在研究中。然而,随着一些放射性药物的使用越来越多,而其他药物的使用逐渐减少,这一清单可能会发生变化。
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