Center for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi 580 027, Karnataka, India.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212,South Korea.
ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2021 Feb 15;4(2):1178-1190. doi: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01545. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Ongoing pandemic coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected over 218 countries and infected 88,512,243 and 1,906,853 deaths reported by Jan. 8, 2021. At present, vaccines are being developed in Europe, Russia, USA, and China, although some of these are in phase III of trials, which are waiting to be available for the general public. The only option available now is by vigorous testing, isolation of the infected cases, and maintaining physical and social distances. Numerous methods are now available or being developed for testing the suspected cases, which may act as carriers of the virus. In this review, efforts have been made to discuss the conventional as well as fast, rapid, and efficient testing methods developed for the diagnosis of 2019-nCoV.Testing methods can be based on the sensing of targets, which include RNA, spike proteins and antibodies such as IgG and IgM. Apart from the development of RNA targeted PCR, antibody and VSV pseudovirus neutralization assay along with several other diagnostic techniques have been developed. Additionally, nanotechnology-based sensors are being developed for the diagnosis of the virus, and these are also discussed.
持续的大流行冠状病毒（COVID-19）已影响了 218 个以上的国家，截至 2021 年 1 月 8 日，报告的感染人数为 88512243 人，死亡人数为 1906853 人。目前，欧洲、俄罗斯、美国和中国正在开发疫苗，尽管其中一些疫苗正在进行第三阶段的试验，正等待向公众提供。目前唯一的选择是通过大力检测、隔离感染者，并保持身体和社会距离。现在有许多方法可用于检测疑似病例，这些疑似病例可能是病毒的携带者。在这篇综述中，我们努力讨论了为诊断 2019-nCoV 而开发的常规以及快速、快速和高效的检测方法。检测方法可以基于对目标的感应，这些目标包括 RNA、刺突蛋白和抗体，如 IgG 和 IgM。除了开发针对 RNA 的 PCR 外，还开发了抗体和 VSV 假病毒中和测定以及其他几种诊断技术。此外，还正在开发基于纳米技术的传感器来诊断该病毒，本文也对此进行了讨论。
