Dekkema G J, Rutgers A, Sanders J S, Stegeman C A, Heeringa P
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021 Jul 1;23(7):54. doi: 10.1007/s11926-021-01015-9.
The onset and progression of small vessel vasculitis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies has been linked to microbial infections. Here, we provide a brief overview of the association of nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and discuss several recent studies mapping the nasal microbiome in AAV patients in particular.
Nasal microbiome studies revealed dysbiosis as a common trait in active AAV which tends to normalize upon immunosuppressive treatment and quiescent disease. However, due to differences in study design, patient selection, and methodology, the reported microbiome profiles differ considerably precluding conclusions on causal relationships. The microbiome is an emerging area of research in AAV warranting further investigation. Ideally, such studies should be combined with mechanistic studies to unravel key elements related to host-microbe interactions and their relevance for AAV pathogenesis.
与抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关的小血管炎的发病和进展与微生物感染有关。在此，我们简要概述金黄色葡萄球菌鼻腔定植与抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关血管炎（AAV）的关联，并特别讨论最近几项针对AAV患者鼻腔微生物群的研究。
鼻腔微生物群研究表明，生态失调是活动性AAV的一个共同特征，在免疫抑制治疗和病情缓解时往往会恢复正常。然而，由于研究设计、患者选择和方法的差异，所报告的微生物群谱差异很大，无法得出因果关系的结论。微生物群是AAV中一个新兴的研究领域，值得进一步研究。理想情况下，此类研究应与机制研究相结合，以揭示与宿主-微生物相互作用相关的关键因素及其与AAV发病机制的相关性。
