Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun;79(6):727-733. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216631. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
From birth, humans coexist and coevolve with trillions of micro-organisms inhabiting most body surfaces and cavities, referred to as the human microbiome. Advances in sequencing technologies and computational methods have propelled the exploration of the microbiome's contribution to human health and disease, spearheaded by massive efforts such as the Human Microbiome Project and the Europe-based MetaHit Consortium. Yet, despite the accumulated body of literature and a growing awareness among patients, microbiome research in rheumatology has not had a key impact on clinical practice. Herein, we describe some of the landmark microbiome studies in autoimmunity and rheumatology, the challenges and opportunities of microbiome research and how to navigate them, advances in related fields that have overcome these pitfalls, and future directions of harnessing the microbiome for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
从诞生之时起，人类就与栖息在大多数体表和体腔中的数万亿微生物共生共演，这些微生物被称为人类微生物组。测序技术和计算方法的进步推动了对微生物组在人类健康和疾病中的作用的探索，其中包括人类微生物组计划和欧洲的 MetaHit 联盟等大规模努力。然而，尽管相关文献不断积累，患者的认识也不断提高，但微生物组在风湿病学中的研究并未对临床实践产生重大影响。在此，我们描述了一些在自身免疫和风湿病学领域的具有里程碑意义的微生物组研究，讨论了微生物组研究的挑战和机遇，以及如何应对这些挑战，相关领域的进展如何克服了这些困难，以及未来利用微生物组进行诊断和治疗的方向。
