The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 27;18(13):6908. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136908.
This study conducted a review on the concentrations, spatial distribution and pollution assessment of metals including As, Hg, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in 102 river sediments in China between January 2008 and July 2020 based on the online literature. The geo-accumulation index () and potential ecological risk index () were used for the pollution assessment of the metals. The results showed that the ranges of metals were: 0.44 to 250.73 mg/kg for As, 0.02 to 8.67 mg/kg for Hg, 0.06 to 40 mg/kg for Cd, 0.81 to 251.58 mg/kg for Co, 4.69 to 460 mg/kg for Cr, 2.13 to 520.42 mg/kg for Cu, 39.76 to 1884 mg/kg for Mn, 1.91 to 203.11 mg/kg for Ni, 1.44 to 1434.25 mg/kg for Pb and 12.76 to 1737.35 mg/kg for Zn, respectively. The median values of these metals were descending in the order: Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co > As > Cd > Hg. Compared with the SQGs, As and Cr manifested higher exceeding sites among the metals. Metals of river sediments manifested a significant spatial variation among different regions, which might be attributed to the natural weathering and anthropogenic activity. The mean values of the metals presented the decreasing trends in the order: Cd > Hg > Zn > Cu > As > Pb > Ni > Co > Cr > Mn. Cd and Hg manifested higher proportions of contaminated sites and contributed most to the RI, which should be listed as priority control of pollutants. Southwest River Basin, Liaohe River Basin, and Huaihe River Basin manifested higher ecological risks than other basins. The study could provide a comprehensive understanding of metals pollution in river sediments in China, and a reference of the control of pollutant discharge in the river basins for the management.
本研究基于在线文献，对 2008 年 1 月至 2020 年 7 月中国 102 条河流沉积物中砷（As）、汞（Hg）、镉（Cd）、钴（Co）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、锰（Mn）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）等金属的浓度、空间分布和污染评估进行了综述。采用地积累指数（Igeo）和潜在生态风险指数（RI）对金属污染进行评估。结果表明，金属浓度范围分别为：As 为 0.44 至 250.73mg/kg，Hg 为 0.02 至 8.67mg/kg，Cd 为 0.06 至 40mg/kg，Co 为 0.81 至 251.58mg/kg，Cr 为 4.69 至 460mg/kg，Cu 为 2.13 至 520.42mg/kg，Mn 为 39.76 至 1884mg/kg，Ni 为 1.91 至 203.11mg/kg，Pb 为 1.44 至 1434.25mg/kg，Zn 为 12.76 至 1737.35mg/kg。这些金属的中位数浓度按降序排列依次为：Mn＞Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Pb＞Ni＞Co＞As＞Cd＞Hg。与土壤质量标准（SQGs）相比，As 和 Cr 表现出更高的超标点位比例。河流沉积物中的金属在不同区域之间表现出显著的空间差异，这可能归因于自然风化和人为活动。金属的平均 Igeo 值呈降序排列依次为：Cd＞Hg＞Zn＞Cu＞As＞Pb＞Ni＞Co＞Cr＞Mn。Cd 和 Hg 表现出更高的污染点位比例，对 RI 贡献最大，应列为优先控制的污染物。西南流域、辽河流域和淮河流域的生态风险高于其他流域。本研究可为了解中国河流沉积物中金属污染提供全面认识，为流域污染物排放控制提供管理参考。
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