Štohlová Putnová Lenka, Štohl Radek, Ernst Martin, Svobodová Kateřina
Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Control and Instrumentation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 12, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jun 7;11(6):1701. doi: 10.3390/ani11061701.
Although inter-species hybrids between the red and sika deer can be phenotypically determined only exceptionally, there is the eventuality of identification via molecular genetic analysis. We used bi-parentally inherited microsatellite markers and a Bayesian statistical framework to re-examine the proportion of hybrids in the Czech red and sika deer populations. In total, 123 samples were collected, and the nuclear dataset consisted of 2668 allelic values. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 10 () to 22 ( and ), yielding the mean of 16 alleles per locus across the deer. The mean allelic diversity of the red deer markedly exceeded that of the Japanese sika deer. Interspecific hybrids were detected, enabling us to confirm the genetic introgression of the sika deer into the red deer populations and vice versa in western Bohemia. The mean hybrid score equaled 10.6%, with 14.3% of the hybrids being among red deer-like individuals and 6.7% among sika-like ones. At two western Bohemian locations, namely, Doupovské hory and Slavkovský les, the total percentages of hybrid animals equaled 18.8 and 8.9, respectively. No red deer alleles were detected in the sika populations of the subregions of Kladská, Žlutice, and Lány. The NeighborNet network clearly separated the seven red and sika deer sampling populations according to the geography. The knowledge gained from the evaluated data is applicable in hunting management to reduce hybridization with the European deer.
尽管赤鹿和梅花鹿之间的种间杂交后代只有在极少数情况下才能通过表型确定，但通过分子遗传分析最终还是能够进行识别。我们使用双亲遗传的微卫星标记和贝叶斯统计框架，重新审视了捷克赤鹿和梅花鹿种群中杂交种的比例。总共收集了123个样本，核数据集由2668个等位基因值组成。每个位点的等位基因数量从10个（ ）到22个（ 和 ）不等，鹿群中每个位点的等位基因平均数量为16个。赤鹿的平均等位基因多样性明显超过日本梅花鹿。检测到了种间杂交种，这使我们能够确认在波希米亚西部地区梅花鹿基因渗入赤鹿种群以及赤鹿基因渗入梅花鹿种群的情况。杂交种的平均比例为10.6%，其中14.3%的杂交种出现在类似赤鹿的个体中，6.7%出现在类似梅花鹿的个体中。在波希米亚西部的两个地点，即杜波夫斯科伊山和斯拉夫科夫斯基森林，杂交动物的总比例分别为18.8%和8.9%。在克拉德斯卡、日卢蒂采和拉尼等分区的梅花鹿种群中未检测到赤鹿等位基因。邻接网络根据地理分布清晰地将七个赤鹿和梅花鹿采样种群区分开来。从评估数据中获得的知识可应用于狩猎管理，以减少与欧洲鹿的杂交。
