A Systematic Approach to Research: Biology, Agronomy, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity.

Mexico is the center of origin of the species popularly known as toronjil or lemon balm ( Linton & Epling). Two subspecies have been identified and are commonly called purple or red ( Linton & Epling subspecies. mexicana) and white ( subspecies xolocotziana Bye, E.L. Linares & Ramamoorthy). Plants from these subspecies differ in the size and form of inflorescence and leaves. They also possess differences in their chemical compositions, including volatile compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine employs both subspecies. exhibits a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antioxidant. A systematic vision of these plant's properties is discussed in this review, exposing its significant potential as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review provides an understanding of the elements that make up the species' holistic system to benefit from lemon balm sustainably.