LC-MS Analysis of the Polyphenolic Composition and Assessment of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cardioprotective Activities of and Extracts.

This study offers a detailed assessment of the polyphenolic composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties of lyophilized extracts derived from the aerial parts of and . The polyphenolic content was determined through the quantification of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and caffeic acid derivatives, complemented by LC-MS profiling. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using DPPH and FRAP assays, while the in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated in a rat model of turpentine-oil-induced acute inflammation. Cardioprotective potential was assessed in a separate rat model of isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction. Phytochemical analysis revealed a complex polyphenolic profile for both species, with tilianin and rosmarinic acid identified as predominant compounds. In the DPPH assay, both extracts exhibited marked radical scavenging activity (IC: 65.91 ± 1.21 μg/mL for ; 68.64 ± 2.48 μg/mL for ). In the in vivo assays, the administration of the extracts significantly decreased pro-oxidant biomarkers (TOS, OSI, MDA, NO) and enhanced antioxidant markers (TAC, SH groups). Furthermore, the extracts led to a significant reduction in serum levels of GOT, GPT, and CK-MB in rats subjected to myocardial injury, supporting their cardioprotective efficacy. Overall, the results suggest that and represent promising natural sources of polyphenolic compounds with potential therapeutic value in oxidative-stress-related inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders.