Department of Industrial Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Economics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandirma, Turkey.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 22;18(13):6727. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136727.
This study explores the impact of environmental policies and human development on the CO emissions for the period of 1995-2015 in the Group of Seven and BRICS economies in the long run through panel cointegration and causality tests. The causality analysis revealed a bilateral causality between environmental stringency policies and CO emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and a unilateral causality from CO emissions to the environmental stringency policies for Canada, China, and France. On the other hand, the analysis showed a bilateral causality between human development and CO emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and unilateral causality from CO emissions to human development in Brazil, Canada, China, and France. Furthermore, the cointegration analysis indicated that both environmental stringency policies and human development had a decreasing impact on the CO emissions.
本研究通过面板协整和因果检验，探讨了 1995-2015 年期间，七国集团和金砖国家经济中环境政策和人类发展对 CO2 排放的长期影响。因果分析表明，德国、日本、英国和美国的环境政策严格程度与 CO2 排放之间存在双向因果关系，加拿大、中国和法国的 CO2 排放对环境政策严格程度存在单向因果关系。另一方面，分析表明，德国、日本、英国和美国的人类发展与 CO2 排放之间存在双向因果关系，巴西、加拿大、中国和法国的 CO2 排放对人类发展存在单向因果关系。此外，协整分析表明，环境政策严格程度和人类发展都对 CO2 排放有降低作用。
