Faculty of Management, University of Prešov in Prešov, Konštantínova 16, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia.
Center for Applied Economic Research, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Mostní 5139, 760 00 Zlín, Czech Republic.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 18;18(12):6548. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126548.
The main objective of the presented study was to examine the associations between the use of renewable energy sources in selected sectors (transport, electricity, heating, and cooling) and the prevalence of selected groups of diseases in the European Union, with an emphasis on the application of statistical methods considering the structure of data. The analyses included data on 27 countries of the European Union from 2010 to 2019 published in the Eurostat database and the Global Burden of Disease Study. Panel regression models (pooling model, fixed (within) effects model, random effects model) were primarily used in analytical procedures, in which a panel variable was represented by countries. In most cases, positive and significant associations between the use of renewable energy sources and the prevalence of diseases were confirmed. The results of panel regression models could be generally interpreted as meaning that renewable energy sources are associated with the prevalence of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases, digestive diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, neoplasms, sense organ diseases, and skin and subcutaneous diseases at a significance level (α) of 0.05 and lower. These findings could be explained by the awareness of the health problem and the response in the form of preference for renewable energy sources. Regarding statistical methods used for country data or for data with a specific structure, it is recommended to use the methods that take this structure into account. The absence of these methods could lead to misleading conclusions.
本研究的主要目的是检验在选定部门（交通、电力、供暖和制冷）中使用可再生能源与欧盟某些疾病发病率之间的关联，重点是应用考虑数据结构的统计方法。分析中包含了 2010 年至 2019 年期间在欧盟 27 个国家公布的来自欧盟统计局数据库和全球疾病负担研究的数据。面板回归模型（合并模型、固定（内部）效应模型、随机效应模型）主要用于分析程序中，其中面板变量由国家表示。在大多数情况下，可再生能源的使用与疾病发病率之间存在正相关且显著。面板回归模型的结果通常可以解释为，可再生能源与心血管疾病、糖尿病和肾脏疾病、消化系统疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病、肿瘤、感觉器官疾病和皮肤及皮下疾病等疾病的发病率之间存在关联，置信水平（α）为 0.05 或更低。这些发现可以通过对健康问题的认识以及对可再生能源的偏好这种形式的回应来解释。对于国家数据或具有特定结构的数据，建议使用考虑到这种结构的方法。如果没有这些方法，可能会得出误导性的结论。
