Munir Maliha Tabassum, Kay Matthew K, Kang Min H, Rahman Md Mizanur, Al-Harrasi Ahmed, Choudhury Mahua, Moustaid-Moussa Naima, Hussain Fazle, Rahman Shaikh Mizanoor
Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 18;22(12):6526. doi: 10.3390/ijms22126526.
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women of Western countries and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The breast tumor microenvironment contains immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and extracellular matrix. Among these cells, macrophages or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major components of the breast cancer microenvironment. TAMs facilitate metastasis of the breast tumor and are responsible for poor clinical outcomes. High TAM density was also found liable for the poor prognosis of breast cancer. These observations make altering TAM function a potential therapeutic target to treat breast cancer. The present review summarizes the origin of TAMs, mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor, and the contributions of TAMs in tumor progression. We have also discussed our current knowledge about TAM-targeted therapies and the roles of miRNAs and exosomes in re-educating TAM function.
乳腺癌是西方国家女性中最常见的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。乳腺肿瘤微环境包含免疫细胞、成纤维细胞、脂肪细胞、间充质干细胞和细胞外基质。在这些细胞中，巨噬细胞或肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）是乳腺癌微环境的主要组成部分。TAM促进乳腺肿瘤的转移，并导致不良的临床结果。高TAM密度也被发现与乳腺癌的不良预后有关。这些观察结果使改变TAM功能成为治疗乳腺癌的一个潜在治疗靶点。本综述总结了TAM的起源、肿瘤中巨噬细胞募集和极化的机制，以及TAM在肿瘤进展中的作用。我们还讨论了我们目前关于TAM靶向治疗的知识，以及miRNA和外泌体在重塑TAM功能中的作用。
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