Gvozdeva Olga V, Achasova Kseniya M, Litvinova Nadezhda A, Kozhevnikova Elena N, Litvinova Ekaterina A
Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 267, 630501 Krasnoobsk, Russia.
Faculty of General Medicine, Kemerovo State Medical University, 650001 Kemerovo, Russia.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jun 11;11(6):1756. doi: 10.3390/ani11061756.
Scent signals play an important role in the life of rodents. The scent of the opposite sex can modulate immunity. In mice populations with natural specific pathogens, in males, the scent of a female leads to a redistribution of leukocytes between the lung and the blood, resistance to the influenza virus, and a decrease in antibody production, but not in the development of inflammation induced by bacterial endotoxins. This study demonstrates the effect of the scent of soiled bedding of specific pathogen-free (SPF) status female mice on the percentage of different types of leukocytes in the blood, the expression of , , and genes, and the presence of M1/M2 macrophages in the lungs of male BALB/c mice. The scent of the female SPF mice caused a redistribution between T- and B-cells in the blood, the increase in the expression of , genes, and the percentage of M1 type macrophages in the lung, but did not affect the different types of T-cells in the periphery or the lungs. Activation of macrophages in the lung is part of mucosal immunity, which is necessary for males as an adaptive mechanism to prevent potential infection during the search for a sexual partner.
气味信号在啮齿动物的生命中起着重要作用。异性的气味可以调节免疫力。在带有天然特定病原体的小鼠群体中，对于雄性而言，雌性的气味会导致白细胞在肺和血液之间重新分布，增强对流感病毒的抵抗力，并减少抗体产生，但不会影响由细菌内毒素诱导的炎症发展。本研究证明了无特定病原体（SPF）状态的雌性小鼠的脏垫料气味对雄性BALB/c小鼠血液中不同类型白细胞的百分比、 、 和 基因的表达以及肺中M1/M2巨噬细胞的存在的影响。雌性SPF小鼠的气味导致血液中T细胞和B细胞之间的重新分布、 、 基因表达的增加以及肺中M1型巨噬细胞百分比的增加，但不影响外周或肺中不同类型的T细胞。肺中巨噬细胞的激活是黏膜免疫的一部分，这对于雄性在寻找性伴侣期间作为预防潜在感染的适应性机制是必要的。
