Kim Philjae, Yoon Tae-Joong, Shin Sook
Institute of Marine Biological Resources, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea.
Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon-gun 33657, Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jun 30;11(7):1966. doi: 10.3390/ani11071966.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) method used by many ecologists as effective investigation tool can detect endangered species, rare species, and invasive species. In case of invasive species, eDNA method help to monitor the target species when the species was hard to detect through the traditional survey such as the early stage of invasion, low abundance, and larva or juvenile stage. The bryozoan, , was known as a marine fouling invasive species in Korea since its first reported in 1978. This species expanded nationwide, and damages to ascidian aquaculture through attached on the ship hulls and artificial facilities. To monitor the distribution and biomass of invasive bryozoan, , the qPCR analysis of environmental DNA was performed on seawater samples from 12 harbors. In this study, we designed species-specific markers which can calculate the detected DNA copies of , and the presence and monitoring of this species can be more accurately estimated by environmental DNA analysis than by traditional survey, in which it is difficult to identify the species. Real-time PCR analysis using environmental DNA is an effective monitoring method that can determine both the distribution and the monthly change in biomass of in Korea.
环境DNA（eDNA）方法被许多生态学家用作有效的调查工具，可检测濒危物种、稀有物种和入侵物种。对于入侵物种，当通过传统调查（如入侵早期、低丰度以及幼虫或幼体阶段）难以检测到目标物种时，eDNA方法有助于对其进行监测。苔藓虫自1978年在韩国首次被报道以来，一直被视为一种海洋污损入侵物种。该物种在全国范围内扩散，并通过附着在船体和人工设施上对海鞘养殖造成损害。为了监测入侵苔藓虫的分布和生物量，对来自12个港口的海水样本进行了环境DNA的qPCR分析。在本研究中，我们设计了物种特异性标记，可计算出苔藓虫检测到的DNA拷贝数，与传统调查相比，通过环境DNA分析能够更准确地估计该物种的存在和监测情况，传统调查中很难识别该物种。利用环境DNA进行实时PCR分析是一种有效的监测方法，可确定韩国苔藓虫的分布和生物量的月度变化。
