Sleep Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon School of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal; International Center on Clinical Sleep Medicine and Research, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil; Neuroimmune Pain Interface Lab, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Sleep Med. 2021 Aug;84:283-288. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.05.043. Epub 2021 Jun 8.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia have long been recognized as important sleep disrupters often associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although they are often seen as divergent conditions, mainly because their cardinal symptoms (excessive daytime sleepiness, and sleep loss) differ, these two sleep disorders present with many common symptoms, which may hinder diagnosis and treatment. In addition to possible bidirectional pathways between SDB and insomnia, other factors such as circadian timing may play a role. In this paper, we review the mechanisms, differential clinical aspects, and implications of Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea, sometimes termed COMISA.
睡眠障碍性呼吸（SDB）和失眠一直被认为是重要的睡眠扰乱因素，通常与发病率和死亡率的增加有关。尽管它们通常被视为不同的病症，主要是因为它们的主要症状（白天过度嗜睡和睡眠不足）不同，但这两种睡眠障碍有许多共同的症状，这可能会阻碍诊断和治疗。除了 SDB 和失眠之间可能存在的双向途径外，其他因素，如昼夜节律，可能也起作用。在本文中，我们回顾了共病性失眠和睡眠呼吸暂停（有时称为 COMISA）的发病机制、临床差异方面及其影响。
