Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
World J Surg Oncol. 2021 Jul 3;19(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12957-021-02315-1.
To analyze and evaluate EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA gene mutation rates and clinical distribution in patients with different types of lung cancer METHOD: A total of 221 lung cancer patients treated in our hospital between January 2016 and June 2019 were enrolled. Tissue and whole blood samples were collected and analyzed to determine the mutation status of EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA genes. The gene exon mutation rates were determined. Relevant clinical data, such as age, gender, tumor sample type, treatment method, pathologic type, and lung cancer stage were recorded and statistically analyzed.
The EGFR gene mutation rates in exons E18-E21 were 2.3%, 17.6%, 3.6%, and 20.4%, respectively. E18, E19, and E20 mutations were commonly detected in adenosquamous carcinoma, and E21 mutations were commonly detected in adenocarcinoma. Mutations in exons E18-E21 were frequently detected in patients with lung cancer stages IA, IB, IIA, or IIB, respectively. The KRAS gene mutation rate in lung cancer patients in exon E2 was higher in whole blood and tissue samples than other exon mutations, while the KRAS gene mutation rate in exons E2 and E3 was significantly higher in patients with lung cancer stages IIB and IA, respectively. PIK3CA gene mutations in exons E9 and E20 occurred in patients < 60 years of age. Exon E9-positive mutations were more common in men or patients with squamous cell carcinoma, while exon E20-positive mutations were more common in females.
The EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA gene exon mutation rates differ and were shown to be correlated with different clinical indicators, which have significance in clinical treatment.
分析和评估不同类型肺癌患者中 EGFR、KRAS 和 PIK3CA 基因突变率及临床分布。
选取 2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 6 月我院收治的 221 例肺癌患者，采集组织和全血样本，分析 EGFR、KRAS 和 PIK3CA 基因的突变状态，检测基因外显子突变率，记录患者年龄、性别、肿瘤样本类型、治疗方法、病理类型、肺癌分期等相关临床资料，并进行统计学分析。
EGFR 基因外显子 E18-E21 的突变率分别为 2.3%、17.6%、3.6%和 20.4%。鳞癌中常检测到 E18、E19 和 E20 突变，腺癌中常检测到 E21 突变。ⅠA、ⅠB、ⅡA 和ⅡB 期肺癌患者中 E18-E21 外显子突变率较高。KRAS 基因外显子 E2 突变在全血和组织样本中的突变率高于其他外显子，而 E2 和 E3 外显子的 KRAS 基因突变率在ⅡB 和 IA 期肺癌患者中显著较高。PIK3CA 基因外显子 E9 和 E20 突变发生在<60 岁的患者中，E9 阳性突变在外显子中更常见于男性或鳞癌患者，而 E20 阳性突变在外显子中更常见于女性。
EGFR、KRAS 和 PIK3CA 基因外显子突变率不同，且与不同的临床指标相关，在临床治疗中有重要意义。
