Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Nov 10;794:148704. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148704. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Local natural resources, (e.g., precipitation, solar radiation) are important for developing environmentally and scientifically sound management practices in dryland agroecosystem. Maximizing water use efficiency (WUE) in dryland farming systems remains a challenge. The objectives of this study were to assessing the robustness of radiation use efficiency (RUE) during different periods and investigate the interaction between RUE and WUE from water loss pattern and canopy development during wheat growth under different agricultural practices (non-mulched control, CK; transparent film mulching, TF; and black film mulching, BF) from 2013 to 2016 on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China. Results showed that RUE was mainly improved during post-anthesis under PM treatments. PM treatments contributed to elevated canopy photosynthesis and a delayed RUE peak during the reproductive period. Due to the increased spike number and ratio of plant transpiration to soil evaporation, TF and BF treatments had relatively stable photosynthetic activity relative to the CK treatment even those during dry periods. Initially, no relationship was found between WUE and RUE under the CK treatment. On the other hand, RUE and WUE were positively related in TF and BF treatments following a power function. RUE values increased with WUE rapidly to stabilize at a plateau value of 5.5 g MJ under TF and BF treatments, and thus, the wheat WUE had a higher improvement potential than RUE as it did not have an apparent plateau value. PM treatments enhanced the wheat production by taking full advantage of local solar radiation and precipitation (improving RUE and WUE). This higher use efficiency of resources produced more photoassimilates for wheat than that under the CK management, increased source size (LAI) and sink size (spike number) during wheat growth seasons, and thus increased the final grain yield.
当地自然资源（例如降水、太阳辐射）对于在旱地农业生态系统中发展环境和科学合理的管理实践非常重要。最大限度地提高旱地农业系统的水分利用效率（WUE）仍然是一个挑战。本研究的目的是评估不同时期辐射利用效率（RUE）的稳健性，并从不同农业措施（不覆膜对照，CK；透明膜覆盖，TF；黑膜覆盖，BF）下的水分损失模式和冠层发育来研究 RUE 与 WUE 之间的相互作用在过去六年（2013-2016 年）在中国西北黄土高原上进行的小麦生长过程中。结果表明，RUE 主要在 PM 处理的花后期间提高。PM 处理有助于提高冠层光合作用，并在生殖期推迟 RUE 峰值。由于穗数增加和植物蒸腾与土壤蒸发的比例增加，与 CK 处理相比，TF 和 BF 处理即使在干旱期也具有相对稳定的光合作用活性。最初，在 CK 处理下，WUE 与 RUE 之间没有关系。另一方面，在 TF 和 BF 处理下，RUE 和 WUE 呈正相关，呈幂函数关系。在 TF 和 BF 处理下，RUE 值随 WUE 迅速增加并稳定在 5.5 g MJ 的高原值，因此，小麦 WUE 的提高潜力高于 RUE，因为它没有明显的高原值。PM 处理充分利用当地太阳辐射和降水（提高 RUE 和 WUE）来提高小麦产量。与 CK 管理相比，这种资源利用效率的提高为小麦生产提供了更多的光合同化物，增加了小麦生长季节的源大小（叶面积指数）和汇大小（穗数），从而提高了最终的籽粒产量。
