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“如果驯鹿死了,一切都将消失”:一个受瑞典萨米地区采矿项目影响的萨米社区的心理健康。

"If the reindeer die, everything dies": The mental health of a Sámi community exposed to a mining project in Swedish Sápmi.

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden.

Várdduo, Center for Sámi Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

出版信息

Int J Circumpolar Health. 2021 Dec;80(1):1935132. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2021.1935132.

Abstract

In 2006, a British mining company started the process of extracting ore from Gállok/Kallak, in Swedish Sápmi. These grounds are used all year round for reindeer herding by the Sámi community Jåhkågasska tjiellde. While environmental impact assessments should be conducted by law in any development project in Sweden, the health component included is usually vague. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences and perceptions of the Sámi community regarding the current and potential health effects of the proposed mine.A qualitative study, including six in-depth interviews with members of the community, was conducted in 2020. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes were identified and organised in current and future impacts. Current impacts included "It's like David's battle against Goliath", "It's a slow process that takes a lot of power and energy", "It's a defense … like, to protect oneself"; with future impacts including: "If the reindeer die, everything dies", "You would feel that you do not possess any power, [you would feel] overridden, pushed away, not liked".The fear of losing current and future generations' livelihoods appeared to be the main mediators of the current and potential worsened mental health experienced by the community.

摘要

2006 年,一家英国矿业公司开始在瑞典萨米地区的加勒科/卡拉开采矿石。这些土地全年都被萨米社区 Jåhkågasska tjiellde 用于驯鹿放牧。虽然瑞典任何发展项目都应该依法进行环境影响评估,但其中包含的健康因素通常很模糊。本研究旨在了解萨米社区对拟议矿山当前和潜在健康影响的经验和看法。

2020 年进行了一项定性研究,包括对社区成员进行的六次深入访谈。使用主题分析对访谈进行了分析。确定并组织了五个主题,分为当前和未来的影响。当前影响包括“这就像大卫与歌利亚的战斗”、“这是一个缓慢的过程,需要大量的力量和能量”、“这是一种防御……就像保护自己一样”;未来影响包括:“如果驯鹿死了,一切都死了”、“你会觉得自己没有任何权力,[你会觉得]被超越、被推开、不被喜欢”。

似乎是对当前和未来几代人生计的担忧,成为社区经历的当前和潜在恶化的心理健康的主要调解者。

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Suicide among reindeer herding Sámi in Sweden, 1961-2017.1961年至2017年瑞典萨米族驯鹿牧民中的自杀情况。
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2020 Dec;79(1):1754085. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2020.1754085.
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Causes of death in the Sami population of Sweden, 1961-2000.1961年至2000年瑞典萨米族人口的死因
Int J Epidemiol. 2005 Jun;34(3):623-9. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyi027. Epub 2005 Feb 28.

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