Egan Lucy M, Hofmann Rainer W, Ghamkhar Kioumars, Hoyos-Villegas Valerio
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Narrabri, NSW, Australia.
Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jun 16;12:653191. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.653191. eCollection 2021.
is the most used pastoral legume genus in temperate grassland systems, and a common feature in meadows and open space areas in cities and parks. Breeding of spp. for pastoral production has been going on for over a century. However, the breeding targets have changed over the decades in response to different environmental and production pressures. Relatively small gains have been made in breeding progress. breeding programmes aim to maintain a broad genetic base to maximise variation. New Zealand is a global hub in breeding, utilising exotic germplasm imported by the Margot Forde Germplasm Centre. This article describes the history of breeding in New Zealand as well as the role and past successes of utilising genebanks in forage breeding. The impact of germplasm characterisation and evaluation in breeding programmes is also discussed. The history and challenges of breeding and its effect on genetic gain can be used to inform future pre-breeding decisions in this genus, as well as being a model for other forage legumes.
是温带草原系统中使用最广泛的牧草豆科植物属，也是城市和公园草地及开阔空间区域的常见特征。针对牧草生产的 属植物育种已经开展了一个多世纪。然而，几十年来，随着不同的环境和生产压力，育种目标发生了变化。在 育种进展方面取得的收益相对较小。 育种计划旨在维持广泛的遗传基础以最大化变异。新西兰是 育种的全球中心，利用玛戈特·福尔德种质中心进口的外来种质。本文描述了新西兰 育种的历史以及在牧草育种中利用基因库的作用和过去的成功经验。还讨论了种质鉴定和评估在育种计划中的影响。 育种的历史和挑战及其对遗传增益的影响可用于为该属未来的预育种决策提供信息，同时也可作为其他牧草豆科植物的范例。
