Yadav Somu, Maurya Pawan Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031 India.
3 Biotech. 2021 Jul;11(7):338. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-02892-8. Epub 2021 Jun 16.
Metal oxide nanoparticles are known to exhibit unique properties such as catalyzing the neutralization of superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxides and behave as antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress, damage and chronic inflammation are major causes and consequences of aging and age-associated disorders. With the increasing popularity of metal oxide nanoparticles, they have been applied in various age-related pathologies using their antioxidant property. Metal oxide nanoparticles have been used as diagnostic, therapeutic, and as theranostics. This review summarizes the applications of metal oxide nanoparticles in aging and age-associated disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the activation of inflammatory pathways, disturbing the mitochondrial function, decreasing the telomere length and leading the cell towards senescence or death. Oxidative damage is the common pathway in the progression of aging and related diseases. Metal oxide nanoparticles scavenge or precisely detect the generated reactive oxygen species, hence applied in both diagnostics and therapeutics.
已知金属氧化物纳米颗粒具有独特的性质，如催化超氧阴离子、羟基自由基、过氧化氢的中和反应，并表现出抗氧化酶的作用。氧化应激、损伤和慢性炎症是衰老及与年龄相关疾病的主要原因和后果。随着金属氧化物纳米颗粒越来越受欢迎，它们凭借其抗氧化特性已被应用于各种与年龄相关的病理状况。金属氧化物纳米颗粒已被用作诊断工具、治疗手段以及诊疗一体化工具。这篇综述总结了金属氧化物纳米颗粒在衰老及与年龄相关疾病（如心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症、神经退行性疾病）中的应用。氧化应激在炎症途径的激活、干扰线粒体功能、缩短端粒长度以及导致细胞衰老或死亡过程中起着核心作用。氧化损伤是衰老及相关疾病进展的常见途径。金属氧化物纳米颗粒可清除或精确检测所产生的活性氧，因此可应用于诊断和治疗。
