Laboratory of Genome Research, Basic Research Division, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
School of Biomedical science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
J Chin Med Assoc. 2021 Aug 1;84(8):745-753. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000574.
The detrimental impact of the heavy metal lead (Pb) on human health has been studied for years. The fact that Pb impairs human body has been established from countless painful and sad historical events. Nowadays, World Health Organization and many developmental countries have established regulations concerning the use of Pb. Measuring the blood lead level (BLL) is so far the only way to officially evaluate the degree of Pb exposure, but the so-called safety value (10 μg/dL in adults and 5 μg/dL in children) seems unreliable to represent the security checkpoint for children through daily intake of drinking water or physical contact with a lower contaminated level of Pb contents. In general, unsolved mysteries about the Pb toxicological mechanisms still remain. In this review article, we report on the methods to prevent Pb poison for further Pb toxicological research. We establish high-sensitivity Pb monitoring, and also report on the use of fluorescent biosensors such as genetically-encoded fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based biosensors built for various large demands such as the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We also contribute to the development and optimization of the FRET-based Pb biosensors. Our well-performed version of Met-lead 1.44 M1 has achieved a limit of detection of 10 nM (2 ppb; 0.2 μg/dL) and almost 5-fold in dynamic range (DR) supported for the real practical applications-that is, the in-cell Pb sensing device for blood and blood-related samples, and the Pb environmental detections in vitro. The perspective of our powerful Pb biosensor incorporated with a highly sensitive bio-chip of the portable device for quick Pb measurements will be addressed for further manipulation.
多年来，人们一直在研究重金属铅 (Pb) 对人类健康的有害影响。无数痛苦和悲惨的历史事件已经证明，Pb 会损害人体健康。如今，世界卫生组织和许多发展中国家都制定了有关 Pb 使用的规定。测量血铅水平 (BLL) 是目前评估 Pb 暴露程度的唯一方法，但所谓的安全值（成人 10μg/dL，儿童 5μg/dL）似乎无法可靠地代表儿童通过日常饮用水摄入或与污染程度较低的 Pb 物质进行身体接触的安全临界点。总的来说，Pb 毒理学机制的未解之谜仍然存在。在这篇综述文章中，我们报告了预防 Pb 中毒的方法，以促进 Pb 毒理学研究。我们建立了高灵敏度的 Pb 监测方法，并报告了荧光生物传感器的使用，例如基于基因编码的荧光共振能量转移的生物传感器，这些传感器可用于各种高需求的检测，如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 的检测。我们还为基于 FRET 的 Pb 生物传感器的开发和优化做出了贡献。我们表现良好的版本 Met-lead 1.44 M1 实现了 10 nM 的检测限（2 ppb；0.2μg/dL）和近 5 倍的动态范围（DR）支持，可用于实际应用，即用于血液和血液相关样本的细胞内 Pb 传感装置，以及体外的 Pb 环境检测。我们将讨论结合了便携式设备的高灵敏度生物芯片的强大 Pb 生物传感器的前景，以便进行进一步的操作。
