College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China.
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
Adv Clin Chem. 2021;103:135-190. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.08.008. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Amyloid plaques generated from the accumulation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) fibrils in the brain is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a most common neurodegenerative disorder. Aβ aggregation can produce neurotoxic oligomers and fibrils, which has been widely accepted as the causative factor in AD pathogenesis. Accordingly, both soluble oligomers and insoluble fibrils have been considered as diagnostic biomarkers for AD. Among the existing analytical methods, fluorometry using fluorescent probes has exhibited promising potential in quantitative detection and imaging of both soluble and insoluble Aβ species, providing a valuable approach for the diagnosis and drug development of AD. In this review, the most recent advances in the fluorescent probes for soluble or insoluble Aβ aggregates are discussed in terms of design strategy, probing mechanism, and potential applications. In the end, future research directions of fluorescent probes for Aβ species are also proposed.
淀粉样斑块是由β淀粉样肽（Aβ）纤维在大脑中的积累产生的，是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的主要标志之一，AD 是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一。Aβ聚集会产生神经毒性寡聚物和纤维，这已被广泛认为是 AD 发病机制中的致病因素。因此，可溶性寡聚物和不溶性纤维都被认为是 AD 的诊断生物标志物。在现有的分析方法中，使用荧光探针的荧光法在可溶性和不溶性 Aβ物质的定量检测和成像方面显示出了有前途的潜力，为 AD 的诊断和药物开发提供了一种有价值的方法。在这篇综述中，讨论了用于可溶性或不溶性 Aβ聚集物的荧光探针的最新进展，包括设计策略、探测机制和潜在应用。最后，还提出了用于 Aβ物质的荧光探针的未来研究方向。
