Department of Spanish, Linguistics, and Theory of Literature, Faculty of Philology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Ann Hum Biol. 2021 Jun;48(4):313-320. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1936634. Epub 2021 Jul 9.
Human evolution resulted from changes in our biology, behaviour, and culture. One source of these changes has been hypothesised to be our self-domestication (that is, the development in humans of features commonly found in domesticated strains of mammals, seemingly as a result of selection for reduced aggression). Signals of domestication, notably brain size reduction, have increased in recent times.
In this paper, we compare whole-genome data between the Late Neolithic/Bronze Age individuals and modern Europeans.
We show that genes associated with mammal domestication and with neural crest development and function are significantly differently enriched in nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms between these two groups.
We hypothesise that these changes might account for the increased features of self-domestication in modern humans and, ultimately, for subtle recent changes in human cognition and behaviour, including language.
人类的进化源于我们生物学、行为和文化的变化。这些变化的一个来源被假设为我们的自我驯化（即人类发展出通常在驯化哺乳动物品种中发现的特征，似乎是由于选择减少攻击性的结果）。最近，驯化的信号，特别是大脑体积的减小，一直在增加。
在本文中，我们比较了晚石器时代/青铜时代个体和现代欧洲人之间的全基因组数据。
我们表明，与哺乳动物驯化以及神经嵴发育和功能相关的基因，在这两个群体之间的非同义单核苷酸多态性中显著富集。
我们假设这些变化可能解释了现代人自我驯化特征的增加，最终解释了人类认知和行为，包括语言，的微妙的近期变化。
