睡眠时间、身体活动和热量摄入与墨西哥裔美国儿童的体重状况有关：一项纵向分析。
Sleep duration, physical activity, and caloric intake are related to weight status in Mexican American children: a longitudinal analysis.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco; 550 16th St., 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Development and Community Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021 Jul 9;18(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12966-021-01159-y.
BACKGROUND
Obesity is a serious issue, spanning all ages, and, in the U.S., disproportionately affects Latinos and African Americans. Understanding sleep, physical activity and dietary behaviors that may predict childhood obesity can help identify behavioral intervention targets.
METHODS
Data were drawn from a U.S. cohort study of 323 Mexican American 8-10-year-old children and their mothers, who participated in a longitudinal study over a 2-year period. Measures were collected at baseline (BL; child mean age = 8.87, SD = 0.83), year 1 (FU1) and year 2 (FU2). Mothers reported on household income and acculturation at BL. Child height and weight were collected and BMI z-scores (BMIz) were calculated for weight status at BL, FU1, and FU2. Accelerometer-estimated sleep duration (hours) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; minutes) were collected across 3 days at BL, FU1, and FU2. Two 24-h dietary recalls were performed at each time point; from these, average energy intake (EI, kcals/day) was estimated. Cross-lagged panel analysis was used to examine behavioral predictors on BMIz at each time point and across time.
RESULTS
At BL and FU1, longer sleep duration (β = - 0.22, p < 0.001; β = - 0.17, p < 0.05, respectively) and greater MVPA (β = - 0.13, p < 0.05; β = - 0.20, p < 0.01, respectively) were concurrently related to lower BMIz. At FU2, longer sleep duration (β = - 0.18, p < 0.01) was concurrently related to lower BMIz, whereas greater EI (β = 0.16, p < 0.01) was related to higher BMIz. Longer sleep duration at BL predicted lower BMIz at FU1 (β = - 0.05, p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Longer sleep duration was concurrently related to lower weight status at each time point from ages 8-10 to 10-12. Higher MVPA was concurrently related to lower weight status in earlier childhood (ages 8-10 and 9-11) and higher EI was concurrently related to higher weight status toward the end of childhood (ages 10-12 years). Furthermore, longer sleep in earlier childhood was protective of children's lower weight status 1 year later. These findings suggest that sleep duration plays a consistent and protective role against childhood obesity; in addition, MVPA and healthy EI remain important independent factors for obtaining a healthy weight.
背景
肥胖是一个严重的问题，涉及各个年龄段，而且在美国，肥胖问题对拉丁裔和非裔美国人的影响尤为严重。了解可能预测儿童肥胖的睡眠、身体活动和饮食行为，可以帮助确定行为干预的目标。
方法
数据来自于一项美国队列研究，该研究纳入了 323 名 8-10 岁的墨西哥裔美国儿童及其母亲，这些儿童及其母亲在为期 2 年的纵向研究中参与了研究。在基线（BL；儿童平均年龄为 8.87 岁，标准差为 0.83 岁）、第 1 年（FU1）和第 2 年（FU2）采集了测量数据。母亲在 BL 时报告家庭收入和文化适应情况。BL 时采集儿童的身高和体重，并计算体重指数（BMI）z 分数（BMIz）来评估体重状况。BL、FU1 和 FU2 时使用加速度计估计睡眠时长（小时）和中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA；分钟），并连续 3 天进行采集。在每个时间点进行两次 24 小时膳食回顾，从这些回顾中估计平均能量摄入（EI，千卡/天）。采用交叉滞后面板分析检验每个时间点和整个时间范围内的行为预测因子对 BMIz 的影响。
结果
BL 和 FU1 时，更长的睡眠时间（β=−0.22，p<0.001；β=−0.17，p<0.05，分别）和更大的 MVPA（β=−0.13，p<0.05；β=−0.20，p<0.01，分别）与较低的 BMIz 相关。在 FU2 时，更长的睡眠时间（β=−0.18，p<0.01）与较低的 BMIz 相关，而更高的 EI（β=0.16，p<0.01）与更高的 BMIz 相关。BL 时更长的睡眠时间预测 FU1 时 BMIz 较低（β=−0.05，p<0.01）。
结论
从 8-10 岁到 10-12 岁，更长的睡眠时间与每个时间点的体重状况均呈负相关。较高的 MVPA 与儿童早期（8-10 岁和 9-11 岁）较低的体重状况相关，较高的 EI 与儿童后期（10-12 岁）较高的体重状况相关。此外，儿童早期的睡眠时间较长，对 1 年后的较低体重状况有保护作用。这些发现表明，睡眠时间对儿童肥胖具有一致的保护作用；此外，MVPA 和健康的 EI 仍然是获得健康体重的重要独立因素。
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