Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel, Eldridge David J, Liu Yu-Rong, Sokoya Blessing, Wang Jun-Tao, Hu Hang-Wei, He Ji-Zheng, Bastida Felipe, Moreno José L, Bamigboye Adebola R, Blanco-Pastor José L, Cano-Díaz Concha, Illán Javier G, Makhalanyane Thulani P, Siebe Christina, Trivedi Pankaj, Zaady Eli, Verma Jay Prakash, Wang Ling, Wang Jianyong, Grebenc Tine, Peñaloza-Bojacá Gabriel F, Nahberger Tina U, Teixido Alberto L, Zhou Xin-Quan, Berdugo Miguel, Duran Jorge, Rodríguez Alexandra, Zhou Xiaobing, Alfaro Fernando, Abades Sebastian, Plaza Cesar, Rey Ana, Singh Brajesh K, Tedersoo Leho, Fierer Noah
Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
Sci Adv. 2021 Jul 9;7(28). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5809. Print 2021 Jul.
The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations.
城市绿地土壤微生物群落的结构和功能在很大程度上仍未确定。我们在六大洲56个城市的城市绿地和邻近自然生态系统中进行了一项全球实地调查，发现城市土壤是土壤细菌、原生生物和功能基因多样性的重要热点，但在全球范围内支持高度同质化的微生物群落。与自然生态系统相比，城市绿地中快速生长的细菌、藻类、变形虫和真菌病原体的比例更高，但外生菌根真菌的比例更低。这些城市生态系统还显示，与人类病原体、温室气体排放、更快的养分循环和比自然环境更强的非生物胁迫相关的基因比例更高。城市富裕程度、管理方式和气候是城市土壤群落的基本驱动因素。我们的工作为更全面地从全球尺度看待城市绿地铺平了道路，这对于管理这些生态系统的健康和人类福祉不可或缺。
