Racine Maurice Stéphanie, Hébert Alisone, Turcotte Valérie, Potvin Olivier, Hudon Carol, Duchesne Simon
Faculté des Sciences Sociales, Êcole de psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada.
CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre Intégré Universitaire en Santé et Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 21;12:679044. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.679044. eCollection 2021.
This study examined childhood socioeconomic status (SES) as a predictor of later life cognitive decline. Data came from 519 participants in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study. SES measures at 11 years of age included parental educational attainment, father's occupational status, household characteristics and a composite measure of global childhood SES (i.e., a total of low SES childhood indicators). Cognitive abilities were assessed by the Mini-Mental State Exam at ages 69.8, 72.8 and 76.7 years. Most indicators of low childhood SES (i.e., father manual worker, less than secondary school father education, household overcrowding, exterior located toilet, and global childhood SES) did not predict cognitive decline between the ages of 69.8 and 76.7. Participants with less educated mothers showed an increase in cognitive decline ( = -0.132, = 0.048, and CI = -0.80, -0.00). The relationship between maternal educational attainment and cognitive decline became non-significant when controlling for adult SES (i.e., participant educational attainment and occupation). Adult SES did not mediate the latter relationship. This study provides new evidence that childhood SES alone is not strongly associated with cognitive decline. New knowledge is critical to improving population health by identifying life span stages in which interventions might be effective in preventing cognitive decline.
本研究考察了儿童社会经济地位（SES）作为晚年认知衰退预测指标的情况。数据来自洛锡安1936年出生队列（LBC1936）研究中的519名参与者。11岁时的SES测量指标包括父母的教育程度、父亲的职业地位、家庭特征以及儿童时期整体SES的综合测量指标（即儿童时期低SES指标的总数）。在69.8岁、72.8岁和76.7岁时通过简易精神状态检查表评估认知能力。儿童时期低SES的大多数指标（即父亲为体力劳动者、父亲教育程度低于中学、家庭拥挤、室外厕所，以及儿童时期整体SES）并不能预测69.8岁至76.7岁之间的认知衰退。母亲受教育程度较低的参与者认知衰退有所增加（β = -0.132，p = 0.048，置信区间 = -0.80，-0.00）。在控制成人SES（即参与者的教育程度和职业）后，母亲教育程度与认知衰退之间的关系变得不显著。成人SES并未介导后一种关系。本研究提供了新的证据，表明仅儿童时期的SES与认知衰退并无强烈关联。新知识对于通过确定哪些生命阶段的干预措施可能有效预防认知衰退来改善人群健康至关重要。
