Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 North St. Clair Street, Suite 19-250, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 North St. Clair Street, Suite 19-250, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Hand Clin. 2021 Aug;37(3):345-359. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2021.05.002.
Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is the surgical rerouting of severed nerve endings to nearby expendable motor nerve branches. These nerve transfers provide a pathway for axonal growth, limiting the amputated nerve ends' disorganized attempt at regeneration that leads to neuroma formation. In the amputee population, TMR is successful in the treatment and prevention of chronic phantom limb pain and residual limb pain. In the nonamputee population, applications of TMR are ever expanding in the treatment of chronic neuroma pain owing to trauma, compression, or surgery. This article reviews the indications for TMR, preoperative evaluation, and various surgical techniques.
靶向肌肉神经再支配（TMR）是一种将切断的神经末梢重新连接到附近可扩展运动神经分支的手术。这些神经转移提供了轴突生长的途径，限制了断端神经无组织的再生尝试，从而导致神经瘤形成。在截肢患者中，TMR 成功地治疗和预防了慢性幻肢痛和残肢痛。在非截肢患者中，由于创伤、压迫或手术，TMR 在治疗慢性神经瘤痛方面的应用不断扩大。本文回顾了 TMR 的适应证、术前评估和各种手术技术。
