Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
Epilepsy Behav. 2021 Sep;122:108164. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108164. Epub 2021 Jul 10.
Epilepsy is the most common serious neurological disorder in the world. Despite medical and surgical treatment, many individuals continue to have seizures, suggesting adjunctive management strategies are required. Promising effects of daily listening to Mozart K.448 on reducing seizure frequency in individuals with epilepsy have been demonstrated. In our recent randomized control study, we reported the positive effect of daily listening to Mozart K.448 on reducing seizures compared to daily listening to a control piece with an identical power spectrum to the Mozart piece yet devoid of rhythmic structure. Despite the promising effect of listening to Mozart K.448 on reducing seizure in individuals with epilepsy, the mechanism(s) underlying such an effect is largely unknown. In this paper, we specifically review how auditory stimulation alters brain dynamics, in addition to computational approaches to define the structural features of classical music, to then propose a plausible mechanism for the underlying anti-convulsant effects of listening to Mozart K.448. We review the evidence demonstrating that some Mozart pieces in addition to compositions from other composers such as Joplin contain less predictable rhythmic structure in comparison with other composers such as Beethoven. We propose through both entrainment and 1/f resonance mechanisms that listening to musical pieces containing the least predictable rhythmic structure, might reduce the self similarity of brain activity which in turn modulates low frequency power, situating the brain in a more "noise like" state and away from brain dynamics that can lead to seizures.
癫痫是世界上最常见的严重神经系统疾病。尽管进行了医学和手术治疗，许多患者仍持续发作，这表明需要辅助管理策略。每天听莫扎特 K.448 可降低癫痫患者发作频率的效果已得到证实。在我们最近的随机对照研究中，我们报告了与每天听具有与莫扎特乐曲相同的功率谱但缺乏节奏结构的对照乐曲相比，每天听莫扎特 K.448 对减少发作的积极影响。尽管每天听莫扎特 K.448 对癫痫患者减少发作有希望的效果，但这种效果的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。在本文中，我们特别回顾了听觉刺激如何改变大脑动力学，以及计算方法来定义古典音乐的结构特征，然后提出了一种合理的机制来解释听莫扎特 K.448 产生的潜在抗惊厥作用。我们回顾了一些证据，表明除了莫扎特的一些作品外，其他作曲家如乔普林的一些作品与贝多芬等其他作曲家的作品相比，具有较少的可预测节奏结构。我们通过同步和 1/f 共振机制提出，听包含最不可预测节奏结构的乐曲可能会降低大脑活动的自相似性，从而调节低频功率，使大脑处于更“类似噪声”的状态，远离可能导致发作的大脑动力学。
