Fisher S K, Ciuffreda K J, Levine S
Schnurmacher Institute for Vision Research, State College of Optometry, State University of New York, New York.
Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1987 Nov;64(11):799-809. doi: 10.1097/00006324-198711000-00001.
Accommodative hysteresis was compared in high myopes, low myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes. Subjects consisted of 48 visually normal young adults who were fully corrected for their ametropia and equally distributed among the four refractive categories. Baseline measures of tonic accommodation, nearpoint, and farpoint were followed by a 10 min period of monocular fixation on a target which provided a stimulus equal to the subject's accommodative amplitude. The tonic measures were repeated immediately after fixation and were followed by either reassessment of the nearpoint and farpoint, or a 20 min period in darkness with reassessment of the tonic level at 5-min intervals. The period of sustained maximal focus produced significant increases in both tonic accommodation and the accommodative nearpoint in each refractive group. Although the magnitude of change was statistically equivalent across groups, a tendency to greater increases in tonic accommodation was noted for the high myopes. Although the farpoint remained relatively stable in the individual refractive groups, a slight inward shift was found in the combined sample. The tonic change diminished primarily during the first 5 min in darkness, with no significant difference in either the rate or degree of decay in the various refractive groups. The results indicate no clear association between susceptibility to accommodative hysteresis and refractive category.
对高度近视者、低度近视者、正视者和远视者的调节滞后现象进行了比较。研究对象包括48名视力正常的年轻人，他们的屈光不正均得到了充分矫正，且在四个屈光类别中平均分布。在对张力性调节、近点和远点进行基线测量后，让受试者单眼注视一个目标10分钟，该目标提供的刺激等于受试者的调节幅度。注视后立即重复张力性测量，然后重新评估近点和远点，或者在黑暗中持续20分钟，并每隔5分钟重新评估张力水平。持续最大注视期使每个屈光组的张力性调节和调节近点均显著增加。尽管各组变化幅度在统计学上相当，但高度近视者的张力性调节增加趋势更明显。尽管在各个屈光组中远点相对稳定，但在合并样本中发现有轻微的向内偏移。张力性变化主要在黑暗中的前5分钟内减小，各屈光组的衰减速率和程度均无显著差异。结果表明，调节滞后易感性与屈光类别之间没有明显关联。
