Fitzgibbon Clare D, Mogaka Hezron, Fanshawe John H
Large Animal Research Group, Department of Zoology, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom, and Estacion Biologica de Donana, C.S.I.C., Avda. de Marie Luisa, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
Kenya Indigenous Forest Conservation Project, Kenya Forestry Research Institute, P.O. Box 20412, Nairobi, Kenya.
Conserv Biol. 1995 Oct;9(5):1116-1126. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.9051085.x-i1.
Mammal populations in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest, Kenya, provide an important source of protein and income for local communities. The harvested biomass in 1991 was over 350 kg/km , and the economic value of the harvest was over 1.3 million KShs (approximately US$35,000). Bushpigs, aardvarks, and primates comprise 95% of the harvested biomass, but the main prey in terms of number of animals killed (35% of total) was the four-toed elephant shrew (Petrodomus tetradactylus). Trapping is concentrated on the periphery of the forest and reduces densities of four-toed elephant shrews within 1-2 km of the forest edge by 41%, squirrels by 66%, and Syke's monkeys by 55%. Yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus), Syke's monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), and the larger ungulates are also hunted with dogs throughout the forest. The results of our study suggest that yellow baboons and Syke's monkeys are overharvested, and current offtake rates of elephant shrews, squirrels, and duikers (Cephalophus spp.) are sustainable. Overharvesting has reduced the densities of large ungulates, including bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and buffalo (Syncerus caffer), to low levels. Differences in reproductive rates, abundance, population, dispersion, ease of capture, and relative vulnerability to hunting, as compared to trapping, influence the extent to which different prey species are affected by harvesting. Caza de subsistencia en la selva de Arabuko-Sokoke, en Kenia, y sus efectos sobra las poblaciones de mamíferos.
肯尼亚阿伯库索科克森林的哺乳动物种群是当地社区重要的蛋白质和收入来源。1991年收获的生物量超过350千克/平方千米，收获的经济价值超过130万肯尼亚先令（约合35,000美元）。灌丛野猪、土豚和灵长类动物占收获生物量的95%，但就捕杀动物数量而言（占总数的35%），主要猎物是四趾象鼩（Petrodomus tetradactylus）。捕猎集中在森林周边，使森林边缘1 - 2千米范围内的四趾象鼩密度降低了41%，松鼠密度降低了66%，赛克猴密度降低了55%。在整个森林中，黄狒狒（Papio cynocephalus）、赛克猴（Cercopithecus mitis）以及体型较大的有蹄类动物也会被用狗追捕。我们的研究结果表明，黄狒狒和赛克猴被过度捕猎，而目前象鼩、松鼠和麂羚（Cephalophus spp.）的捕猎率是可持续的。过度捕猎已将包括薮羚（Tragelaphus scriptus）和水牛（Syncerus caffer）在内的大型有蹄类动物的密度降低到了很低的水平。与诱捕相比，不同猎物物种在繁殖率、数量、种群、分布、被捕难易程度以及相对易受捕猎影响程度上的差异，影响了它们受捕猎影响的程度。肯尼亚阿伯库索科克森林的自给性捕猎及其对哺乳动物种群的影响。
