Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China.
National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 14;11(1):14446. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93946-7.
The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of animals can provide useful information for evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses. The mitogenome of the genus Exhippolysmata (i.e., Exhippolysmata ensirostris) was sequenced and annotated for the first time, its phylogenetic relationship with selected members from the infraorder Caridea was investigated. The 16,350 bp mitogenome contains the entire set of 37 common genes. The mitogenome composition was highly A + T biased at 64.43% with positive AT skew (0.009) and negative GC skew (- 0.199). All tRNA genes in the E. ensirostris mitogenome had a typical cloverleaf secondary structure, except for trnS1 (AGN), which appeared to lack the dihydrouridine arm. The gene order in the E. ensirostris mitogenome was rearranged compared with those of ancestral decapod taxa, the gene order of trnL2-cox2 changed to cox2-trnL2. The tandem duplication-random loss model is the most likely mechanism for the observed gene rearrangement of E. ensirostris. The ML and BI phylogenetic analyses place all Caridea species into one group with strong bootstrap support. The family Lysmatidae is most closely related to Alpheidae and Palaemonidae. These results will help to better understand the gene rearrangements and evolutionary position of E. ensirostris and lay a foundation for further phylogenetic studies of Caridea.
动物的完整线粒体基因组（mitogenome）可为进化和系统发育分析提供有用信息。本文首次对 Exhippolysmata 属（即 Exhippolysmata ensirostris）的 mitogenome 进行测序和注释，并对其与亚目 Caridea 中选定成员的系统发育关系进行了研究。该 16350bp 的 mitogenome 包含了所有 37 个常见基因。mitogenome 的组成高度偏向 A+T，A+T 含量为 64.43%，具有正的 AT 倾斜（0.009）和负的 GC 倾斜（-0.199）。E. ensirostris mitogenome 中的所有 tRNA 基因都具有典型的三叶草二级结构，除了 trnS1（AGN），它似乎缺乏二氢尿嘧啶臂。与祖先十足目类群相比，E. ensirostris mitogenome 中的基因顺序发生了重排，trnL2-cox2 基因的顺序变为 cox2-trnL2。串联重复-随机丢失模型是导致 E. ensirostris 观察到的基因重排的最可能机制。ML 和 BI 系统发育分析将所有 Caridea 物种归入一个具有强烈支序支持的组。Lysmatidae 科与 Alpheidae 和 Palaemonidae 关系最密切。这些结果将有助于更好地理解 E. ensirostris 的基因重排和进化地位，并为 Caridea 的进一步系统发育研究奠定基础。
