Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Neuron. 2021 Sep 1;109(17):2755-2766.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.018. Epub 2021 Jul 14.
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) supports a constellation of memory-related behaviors. Its involvement in perceptual processing, however, has been subject to enduring debate. This debate centers on perirhinal cortex (PRC), an MTL structure at the apex of the ventral visual stream (VVS). Here we leverage a deep learning framework that approximates visual behaviors supported by the VVS (i.e., lacking PRC). We first apply this approach retroactively, modeling 30 published visual discrimination experiments: excluding non-diagnostic stimulus sets, there is a striking correspondence between VVS-modeled and PRC-lesioned behavior, while each is outperformed by PRC-intact participants. We corroborate and extend these results with a novel experiment, directly comparing PRC-intact human performance to electrophysiological recordings from the macaque VVS: PRC-intact participants outperform a linear readout of high-level visual cortex. By situating lesion, electrophysiological, and behavioral results within a shared computational framework, this work resolves decades of seemingly inconsistent findings surrounding PRC involvement in perception.
内侧颞叶（MTL）支持一系列与记忆相关的行为。然而，它在感知处理中的作用一直存在争议。这场争论的焦点是在边缘系统皮层（PRC），这是腹侧视觉流（VVS）的顶点中的一个 MTL 结构。在这里，我们利用深度学习框架来模拟 VVS 支持的视觉行为（即没有 PRC）。我们首先回溯性地应用这种方法，模拟了 30 个已发表的视觉辨别实验：排除非诊断性刺激集，VVS 模拟和 PRC 损伤行为之间存在惊人的对应关系，而 PRC 完整的参与者的表现则优于这两种方法。我们通过一项新的实验来证实和扩展这些结果，直接比较 PRC 完整的人类表现和猕猴 VVS 的电生理记录：PRC 完整的参与者表现优于高级视觉皮层的线性读出。通过在共享的计算框架内定位损伤、电生理和行为结果，这项工作解决了围绕 PRC 参与感知的数十年来看似不一致的发现。
