从超过 140,000 个生态瞬时评估评估的负面情绪和动态血压中我们能学到什么？系统评价和荟萃分析。
What Can We Learn From More Than 140,000 Moments of Ecological Momentary Assessment-Assessed Negative Emotion and Ambulatory Blood Pressure? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychology (Joseph, Chow), Pepperdine University, Malibu, California; Department of Psychology (Peterson), Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr; Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry (Kamarck), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas (Clinton); and Department of Psychology, Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, California (DeBruin).
出版信息
Psychosom Med. 2021 Sep 1;83(7):746-755. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000966.
OBJECTIVE
Two decades of research has examined within-person associations between negative emotion states and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), but no meta-analysis has been conducted. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the magnitude of this association and identify moderators, review strengths and weaknesses in conceptual and measurement approaches, and provide recommendations.
METHODS
We searched databases (PsycINFO, PubMed), identified 15 studies, and obtained data from 13 studies (n = 2511; 142,307 observations).
RESULTS
Random-effects meta-analyses demonstrated small effect r values between momentary negative emotions and systolic ABP (r = 0.06) and diastolic ABP (r = 0.05; p values < .001). Meta-regressions found that effects were larger among studies focused on anxiety, multidimensional negative emotions, predominantly female samples, or less observations of each participant (p values from .003 to .049). A qualitative review found that few studies examined moderators contributing to the substantial interindividual differences in this association.
CONCLUSIONS
The small association between momentary negative emotion and ABP extends laboratory findings on the association between the experiential and physiological aspects of emotion to the daily, natural emotional experiences of individuals. This literature could be strengthened by determining interindividual and intraindividual moderators of this association (e.g., trait negative emotion and state positive emotion), examining differential associations of different negative emotions with ABP, and standardizing EMA protocols. Although the effect is small, to the extent that repeated emotion-related cardiovascular reactivity may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk, identifying daily life triggers of emotion is important.
目的
二十年的研究使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）检查了个体内部负性情绪状态与动态血压（ABP）之间的关联，但尚未进行荟萃分析。我们进行了这项系统评价和荟萃分析，以量化这种关联的程度，并确定调节因素，回顾概念和测量方法的优缺点，并提供建议。
方法
我们搜索了数据库（PsycINFO，PubMed），确定了 15 项研究，并从 13 项研究（n = 2511；142307 个观察值）中获取了数据。
结果
随机效应荟萃分析显示，瞬时负性情绪与收缩压 ABP（r = 0.06）和舒张压 ABP（r = 0.05；p 值均<.001）之间的效应 r 值较小。元回归发现，针对焦虑、多维负性情绪、主要为女性样本或每个参与者观察次数较少的研究（p 值从.003 到.049）中，效果更大。定性评价发现，很少有研究检查了导致这种关联存在大量个体间差异的调节因素。
结论
瞬时负性情绪与 ABP 之间的小关联将实验室中情绪的体验和生理方面之间的关联扩展到个体日常的自然情绪体验。通过确定这种关联的个体间和个体内调节因素（例如，特质负性情绪和状态正性情绪），检查不同负性情绪与 ABP 的差异关联，并标准化 EMA 方案，可以增强这一文献。虽然这种效应较小，但鉴于重复的与情绪相关的心血管反应可能会增加心血管疾病风险，因此确定日常生活中情绪的触发因素很重要。
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