Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Oncology and pathology (ONKPAT), Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 2022 Mar;39(2):131-136. doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2021.06.011. Epub 2021 Jul 3.
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are extremely rare and represent the most frequent tumors of the anterior mediastinum originating from epithelial cells in the thymus. Thymic epithelial tumors include thymomas (TM), thymic carcinomas (TC) and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms (TNEN). Thymomas are the most predominant and are associated with autoimmune diseases. The available data suggests that the different histological subtypes have specific molecular alterations. Thymic carcinoma shows recurrent gene mutations, but further investigations are needed to understand the role of those mutations in the pathogenetic of the TETs. Some of the new emerging identified molecular alterations have the potential to offer new targeted therapies opening new possibilities for the treatment of thymic epithelial tumors.
胸腺上皮肿瘤（TETs）非常罕见，是前纵隔最常见的肿瘤，来源于胸腺上皮细胞。TETs 包括胸腺瘤（TM）、胸腺癌（TC）和胸腺神经内分泌肿瘤（TNEN）。胸腺瘤最为常见，与自身免疫性疾病有关。现有数据表明，不同的组织学亚型具有特定的分子改变。胸腺癌显示出反复发生的基因突变，但需要进一步研究来了解这些突变在 TET 发病机制中的作用。一些新发现的分子改变有可能提供新的靶向治疗方法，为胸腺上皮肿瘤的治疗开辟新的可能性。
