Department of Biostatistics, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 4;18(13):7154. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18137154.
(1) Background: Near-miss incidents are the foundation of major injuries. They are warning signs that loss is imminent. Long working hours are a risk factor for near-misses along with sleep problems, job-related stress, and depressive symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the indirect effects of long working hours via mediating variables on near-miss occurrences among Japanese healthcare professionals. (2) Methods: 1490 Japanese healthcare professionals' reports from a web-based survey of workers in October 2018 were analyzed to evaluate total, direct, and indirect effects of long working hours on near-misses. We applied a generalized structural equation model with three mediating variables: sleep problems, job-related stress, and depressive symptoms. (3) Results: The total effect and direct effect of the categories of working hours longer than 41 h per week (h/w) for occurrence of near-misses were not significantly higher than that of 35-40 h/w. However, for indirect effects on occurrence of near-misses that first passed through job-related stress, there were higher reports for each category compared to 35-40 h/w, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of OR = 1.12, 95% CI (1.07, 1.21) for 41-50 h/w; 1.25, (1.14, 1.41) for 51-60 h/w; and 1.31, (1.18, 1.51) for ≥ 61 h/w. (4) Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing working hours might improve job-related stress, which could reduce near-misses and prevent injuries.
(1) 背景：险兆事件是重大伤害的基础。它们是即将发生损失的警告信号。长时间工作、睡眠问题、与工作相关的压力和抑郁症状是险兆事件的危险因素。本研究旨在评估通过中介变量对日本医疗保健专业人员险兆事件发生的长工作时间的间接影响。
(2) 方法：对 2018 年 10 月对工人进行的基于网络的调查中 1490 名日本医疗保健专业人员的报告进行了分析，以评估长工作时间对险兆事件的总影响、直接影响和间接影响。我们应用了具有三个中介变量的广义结构方程模型：睡眠问题、与工作相关的压力和抑郁症状。
(3) 结果：每周工作时间超过 41 小时（h/w）与每周工作时间 35-40 h/w 的险兆事件发生的总效应和直接效应没有显著差异。然而，对于首先通过与工作相关的压力传递的险兆事件发生的间接影响，每个类别都比 35-40 h/w 有更高的报告，比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）的 OR = 1.12，95%CI（1.07，1.21）为 41-50 h/w；1.25，（1.14，1.41）为 51-60 h/w；和 1.31，（1.18，1.51）为≥61 h/w。
(4) 结论：结果表明，减少工作时间可能会改善与工作相关的压力，从而减少险兆事件并预防伤害。
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