Zhang Y X, Xue P Q, Li S, Liu X M, Zou H
Department of Public Health Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310057, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2023 Apr 20;41(4):255-261. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220309-00119.
To understand the current situation of long working hours exposure of couriers in Zhejiang Province and to analyze the influence of long working hours exposure levels on their occupational stress and depression symptoms and provide a basis for promoting the physical and mental health of couriers. From September to December 2021 1159 couriers from Zhejiang Express Transport Companies were selected as respondents by cluster sampling and their basic information were collected. The occupational stress and depression symptoms of the couriers were assessed using the Core Occupational Stress Scale COSS and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 PHQ-9. The effects of long work hours >48 h per week on the occupational stress and depression symptoms of the couriers were analyzed. The average age of 1159 courier in Zhejiang Province was 33.24±8.42 years the average weekly working hours were 63.21±18.77 h and 75.15% (871/1159) were long-term workers. The detection rates of occupational stress and depression symptoms in courier were 32.44% (376/1159) and 32.53% (377/1159), respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rates of occupational stress and depression symptoms among couriers with different ages, educational background, marital status, monthly average income, length of service, position or post, shift status, drinking status, and average weekly working hours ( <0.05). The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for the influence of confounding factors such as age, educational background, marital status, monthly average income, length of service, position or post, shift status and drinking status, compared with the weekly working hours ≤48 h, weekly working hours of 63-77 h, 78-92 h, ≥93 h were the risk factors for occupational stress (=1.547, 95%: 1.019-2.350; =1.886, 95%: 1.184-3.006; =2.338, 95%: 1.188-4.062) and depression symptoms (=1.897, 95%: 1.258-2.860; =2.041, 95%: 1.290-3.230; =4.978, 95%: 2.551-9.715) of couriers (<0.05) . Long working hours could increase the risk of occupational stress and depression symptoms among couriers. It is necessary to arrange working hours reasonably to reduce the occurrence of occupational stress and depression symptoms of couriers.
为了解浙江省快递员长时间工作暴露现状，分析长时间工作暴露水平对其职业应激和抑郁症状的影响，为促进快递员身心健康提供依据。于2021年9月至12月，采用整群抽样法选取浙江省快递运输公司的1159名快递员作为调查对象，收集其基本信息。采用核心职业应激量表（COSS）和患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）对快递员的职业应激和抑郁症状进行评估。分析每周工作时长>48小时对快递员职业应激和抑郁症状的影响。浙江省1159名快递员平均年龄为33.24±8.42岁，平均每周工作时长为63.21±18.77小时，长期工占75.15%（871/1159）。快递员职业应激和抑郁症状检出率分别为32.44%（376/1159）和32.53%（377/1159）。不同年龄、学历、婚姻状况、月平均收入、工作年限、职位或岗位、轮班状态、饮酒状况及平均每周工作时长的快递员职业应激和抑郁症状检出率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。校正后的logistic回归分析显示，在调整年龄、学历、婚姻状况、月平均收入、工作年限、职位或岗位、轮班状态及饮酒状况等混杂因素影响后，与每周工作时长≤48小时相比，每周工作时长为63-77小时、78-92小时、≥93小时是快递员职业应激（OR=1.547，95%CI：1.019-2.350；OR=1.886，95%CI：1.184-3.006；OR=2.338，95%CI：1.188-4.062）和抑郁症状（OR=1.897，95%CI：1.258-2.860；OR=2.041，95%CI：1.290-3.230；OR=4.978，95%CI：2.551-9.715）的危险因素（P<0.05）。长时间工作会增加快递员职业应激和抑郁症状的发生风险。有必要合理安排工作时长，以减少快递员职业应激和抑郁症状的发生。
