Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61453, Republic of Korea.
Department of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Virol J. 2021 Jul 19;18(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12985-021-01618-9.
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses are prime pathogens and have been a major hazard to humans and animals. They comprise several arthropod-borne viruses, including dengue virus, yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus. Culex flavivirus (CxFV) is a member of the insect-specific flavivirus (ISF) group belonging to the genus Flavivirus, which is widely distributed in a variety of mosquito populations.
Viral nucleic acid was extracted from adult mosquito pools and subjected to reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using target-specific primers for detecting CxFV nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). The PCR-positive samples were then sequenced, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed, including reference sequences obtained from GenBank.
21 pools, belonging to Culex pipiens pallens (Cx. p. pallens) were found to be positive for the CxFV RNA sequence, with a minimum infection rate of 14.5/1000 mosquitoes. The phylogenetic analysis of the NS5 protein sequences indicated that the detected sequences were closely related to strains identified in China, with 95-98% sequence similarities.
Our findings highlight the presence of CxFV in Cx. p. pallens mosquito species in Jeju province, Republic of Korea. This is the first study reporting the prevalence of CxFV in Culex Pipiens (Cx. pipiens) host in the Jeju province, which can create possible interaction with other flaviviruses causing human and animal diseases. Although, mosquito-borne disease causing viruses were not identified properly, more detailed surveillance and investigation of both the host and viruses are essential to understand the prevalence, evolutionary relationship and genetic characteristic with other species.
蚊媒黄病毒是主要病原体，对人类和动物构成重大威胁。它们包括几种虫媒病毒，如登革热病毒、黄热病病毒、日本脑炎病毒和西尼罗河病毒。库蚊黄病毒（CxFV）是昆虫特异性黄病毒（ISF）组的一个成员，属于黄病毒属，广泛分布于各种蚊子种群中。
从成蚊池中提取病毒核酸，使用针对 CxFV 非结构蛋白 5（NS5）的靶特异性引物进行逆转录嵌套聚合酶链反应（PCR）。对 PCR 阳性样本进行测序，并构建了一个包括从 GenBank 获得的参考序列的系统发育树。
发现 21 个属于白纹伊蚊（Cx. p. pallens）的蚊池对 CxFV RNA 序列呈阳性，最低感染率为 14.5/1000 只蚊子。NS5 蛋白序列的系统发育分析表明，检测到的序列与中国鉴定的株系密切相关，序列相似度为 95-98%。
我们的研究结果表明，CxFV 存在于韩国济州岛的白纹伊蚊中。这是首次报道 CxFV 在济州岛的库蚊属（Cx. pipiens）宿主中流行，这可能与引起人类和动物疾病的其他黄病毒产生可能的相互作用。虽然未能正确鉴定出蚊媒病引起的病毒，但对宿主和病毒进行更详细的监测和调查对于了解其流行率、进化关系和与其他物种的遗传特征至关重要。
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