Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 19;11(7):e047997. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047997.
An association between youth unemployment and poorer mental health later in life has been found in several countries. Little is known about whether this association is consistent across individuals or differs in strength. We adopt a quantile regression approach to explore heterogeneity in the association between youth unemployment and later mental health along the mental health distribution.
Prospective longitudinal cohort of secondary schoolchildren in England followed from age 13/14 in 2004 to age 25 in 2015.
England, UK.
7707 participants interviewed at age 25.12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) Likert score, a measure of minor psychiatric morbidity.
Youth unemployment was related to worse mental health at age 25. The association was several times stronger at deciles of GHQ representing the poorest levels of mental health. This association was only partly attenuated when adjusting for confounding variables and for current employment status. In fully adjusted models not including current employment status, marginal effects at the 50th percentile were 0.73 (95% CI -0.05 to 1.54, b=0.11) points, while marginal effects at the 90th percentile were 3.76 (95% CI 1.82 to 5.83; b=0.58) points. The results were robust to different combinations of control variables.
There is heterogeneity in the longitudinal association between youth unemployment and mental health, with associations more pronounced at higher levels of psychological ill health. Youth unemployment may signal clinically relevant future psychological problems among some individuals.
在多个国家，青年失业与晚年较差的心理健康之间存在关联。人们对这种关联在个体之间是否一致，或者关联强度是否存在差异知之甚少。我们采用分位数回归方法，探讨了青年失业与心理健康分布后期心理健康之间的关联在不同人群中的异质性。
对英国中学的学生进行前瞻性纵向队列研究，这些学生在 2004 年年龄为 13/14 岁时开始随访，一直随访到 2015 年年龄为 25 岁。
英国，英格兰。
在 25.12 岁时接受访谈的 7707 名参与者。使用 12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ）Likert 评分，这是衡量轻微精神疾病的一种方法。
青年失业与 25 岁时的心理健康较差有关。在代表心理健康最差水平的 GHQ 分位数的十分位数中，这种关联要强几倍。当调整混杂变量和当前就业状况时，这种关联仅部分减弱。在不包括当前就业状况的完全调整模型中，第 50 百分位的边际效应为 0.73（95%CI-0.05 至 1.54，b=0.11）点，而第 90 百分位的边际效应为 3.76（95%CI1.82 至 5.83；b=0.58）点。结果对于不同的控制变量组合都是稳健的。
青年失业与心理健康之间的纵向关联存在异质性，在心理不健康程度较高时关联更为明显。青年失业可能预示着某些个体未来存在临床相关的心理问题。
