Suntharasamai P, Warrell M J, Viravan C, Chanthavanich P, Looareesuwan S, Supapochana A, Supanaranond J K, Chittamas S, Bijok U, Warrell D A
Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Epidemiol Infect. 1987 Dec;99(3):755-65. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800066619.
The standard six-dose intramuscular (i.m.) rabies post-exposure vaccine regimen using a new purified chick embryo cell (PCEC) vaccine was compared with two economical multisite intradermal (i.d.) PCEC regimens, a multisite i.m. PCEC schedule and a subcutaneous regimen using a suckling mouse brain (SMB) rabies vaccine manufactured in Thailand. The neutralizing antibody results for the four-site and eight-site i.d. and the standard i.m. PCEC regimens were similar over 3 months. A three-site i.m. PCEC regimen had no advantage. The SMB vaccine gave the lowest antibody levels. Human rabies immune globulin therapy significantly increased the GMT of all groups on day 7, unlike equine antirabies serum (EARS). Both antisera suppressed antibody responses to PCEC on days 14 and 28. Three generalized reactions probably related to EARS were the only serious side effects. An eight-site i.d. PCEC vaccine regimen proved as immunogenic as the routine i.m. schedule and, if implemented as post-exposure prophylaxis, would be the cheapest widely available tissue culture vaccine regimen. The protective efficiency should now be tested in patients bitten by rabid animals.
使用新型纯化鸡胚细胞(PCEC)疫苗的标准六剂肌内注射狂犬病暴露后疫苗接种方案,与两种经济的多部位皮内注射PCEC方案、一种多部位肌内注射PCEC方案以及一种使用泰国生产的乳鼠脑(SMB)狂犬病疫苗的皮下接种方案进行了比较。在3个月内,四部位和八部位皮内注射以及标准肌内注射PCEC方案的中和抗体结果相似。三部位肌内注射PCEC方案没有优势。SMB疫苗产生的抗体水平最低。人狂犬病免疫球蛋白治疗在第7天显著提高了所有组的几何平均滴度(GMT),而异于马抗狂犬病血清(EARS)。两种抗血清在第14天和第28天均抑制了对PCEC的抗体反应。三种可能与EARS相关的全身性反应是仅有的严重副作用。八部位皮内注射PCEC疫苗方案被证明与常规肌内注射方案具有同等免疫原性,并且如果作为暴露后预防措施实施,将是最便宜的广泛可用的组织培养疫苗方案。现在应该在被狂犬病动物咬伤的患者中测试其保护效果。