Yang F, Xu J, Lü S, Cao C L, Li S Z, Zhang L J
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2021 Jul 6;33(3):234-239. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021113.
To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China, so as to provide the scientific evidence for the precision management and medical care of advanced schistosomiasis.
The baseline data pertaining to the current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China were collected from the Epidemiological Dynamic Data Collection Platform (EDDC) operated by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The demographic characteristics, population and regional distribution and medical care of advanced schistosomiasis cases were analyzed with a descriptive method.
A total of 31 889 cases with advanced schistosomiasis were reported in China by the end of June, 2019, and these cases were mainly identified in Hubei Province (7 737 cases) followed by in Jiangxi Province (7 256 cases), Hunan Province (5 615 cases), Anhui Province (5 236 cases) and Jiangsu Province (2 908 cases), accounting for 90.2% (28 752/31 889) of total cases in China. The current advanced schistosomiasis cases had a male/female ratio of 1.5∶1, and a mean age of (67.0 ± 11.2) years, with 92.6% (29 521/31 889) detected in individuals at ages of over 50 years. There were 97.6% (31 109/31 889) of the cases with an educational level of junior high school and lower, and 95.2% (30 359/31 889) with an occupation of farmers. Ascites (72.6%, 23 164/31 889) and splenomegaly types (26.3%, 8 386/31 889) were predominant in current advanced schistosomiasis cases in China, and there was a significant difference in the constituent ratio of disease types among current advanced schistosomiasis cases with different age groups ( = 362.31, < 0.01), with the ascites type as the predominant type of advanced schistosomiasis. Among the current advanced schistosomiasis cases, 88.9% (28 358/31 889) and 18.7% (5 973/31 889) had received medical treatment and surgical treatment, respectively.
The current advanced schistosomiasis cases are predominantly reported in five marshland and lake endemic provinces of China where schistosomiasis is not eliminated, and are mostly categorized as the ascites and megalosplenia types, with minor differences seen in gender and disease-type distributions. Precision medical care should be reinforced according to the epidemiological features of the current advanced schistosomiasis cases, and early screening and standard management and follow-up is required.
了解我国晚期血吸虫病病例的流行特征，为晚期血吸虫病精准管理与医疗救治提供科学依据。
收集中国疾病预防控制中心运行的血吸虫病流行病学动态数据收集平台中我国晚期血吸虫病病例的基线数据，采用描述性方法分析晚期血吸虫病病例的人口学特征、人群及地区分布和医疗救治情况。
截至2019年6月底，全国共报告晚期血吸虫病病例31889例，主要集中在湖北省（7737例），其次为江西省（7256例）、湖南省（5615例）、安徽省（5236例）和江苏省（2908例），占全国病例总数的90.2%（28752/31889）。当前晚期血吸虫病病例男女比例为1.5∶1，平均年龄为（67.0±11.2）岁，92.6%（29521/31889）的病例年龄在50岁以上。97.6%（31109/31889）的病例文化程度为初中及以下，95.2%（30359/31889）的病例职业为农民。腹水型（72.6%，23164/31889）和脾肿大型（26.3%，8386/31889）是我国当前晚期血吸虫病病例的主要类型，不同年龄组晚期血吸虫病病例的病种构成比差异有统计学意义（χ² = 362.31，P < 0.01），腹水型是晚期血吸虫病的主要类型。在当前晚期血吸虫病病例中，分别有88.9%（28358/31889）和18.7%（5973/31889）的病例接受过药物治疗和手术治疗。
我国当前晚期血吸虫病病例主要分布在血吸虫病尚未消除的5个湖沼型流行省份，多为腹水型和巨脾型，性别和病种分布略有差异。应根据当前晚期血吸虫病病例的流行特征加强精准医疗救治，做好早期筛查和规范管理及随访工作。
