良性童年经历量表在中国社区成年人中的有效性和信度。
The validity and reliability of benevolent childhood experiences scale in Chinese community adults.
机构信息
School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, P.R.China.
Hangzhou College of Preschool Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, P.R.China.
出版信息
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2021 Jul 12;12(1):1945747. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1945747. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Several studies have indicated that positive childhood experiences (PCEs) might have important protective effects on adulthood mental health. However, the instruments to assess PCEs are scarce.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we assessed the validity and reliability of the Benevolent Childhood Experiences (BCEs) scale, a new instrument of PCEs, in a large sample of Chinese adults. Furthermore, we examined associations of PCEs with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, as well as, prosocial behaviours across different levels of trauma.
METHOD
Participants were 6929 adults (33% male; mean age 38.04 years, SD = 7.81, ranging from 18 to 81.) recruited from Jiangxi and Hunan provinces in China. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to measure PCEs, childhood trauma, lifetime trauma, PTSD, depression, and prosocial behaviours. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to examine the interdependent and interactive effects of PCEs, lifetime trauma, childhood trauma on symptoms of PTSD and depression and prosocial behaviours.
RESULTS
In the current sample, the Cronbach's α of the BCEs scale was 0.70. PCEs were not related to lifetime trauma, while modestly associated with childhood trauma, demonstrating excellent discriminant validity. PCEs were negatively correlated with severity of PTSD and depression, while positively correlated with prosocial behaviours, indicating good predictive validity. PCEs, lifetime trauma and childhood trauma were independently associated with severity of PTSD and depression and prosocial behaviours. Moreover, the interaction of PCEs and lifetime trauma negatively predicted severity of PTSD and depression, while the interaction of PCEs and childhood trauma negatively predicted prosocial behaviours. PCEs had a protective effect on PTSD and depression in high level of lifetime trauma, and showed a reduced positive effect on prosocial behaviours in high level of childhood trauma.
CONCLUSIONS
The Chinese BCEs scale is a reliable and valid instrument. PCEs can buffer adversity and foster positive outcomes in adulthood.
背景
多项研究表明，积极的童年经历（PCEs）可能对成年人的心理健康产生重要的保护作用。然而，用于评估 PCEs 的工具却很匮乏。
目的
本研究旨在评估新的 PCEs 评估工具——仁慈的童年经历量表（BCEs 量表）在中国成年人中的信度和效度。此外，我们还检验了 PCEs 与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症状以及不同创伤水平下的亲社会行为之间的关系。
方法
参与者为来自中国江西和湖南两省的 6929 名成年人（33%为男性；平均年龄 38.04 岁，标准差=7.81，年龄范围为 18 至 81 岁）。使用自填式问卷评估 PCEs、儿童期创伤、终生创伤、PTSD、抑郁和亲社会行为。采用多元线性回归模型检验 PCEs、终生创伤、儿童期创伤对 PTSD 和抑郁症状以及亲社会行为的相互作用和交互作用。
结果
在当前样本中，BCEs 量表的克朗巴赫 α 系数为 0.70。PCEs 与终生创伤无关，而与儿童期创伤呈适度相关，显示出良好的判别效度。PCEs 与 PTSD 和抑郁的严重程度呈负相关，与亲社会行为呈正相关，表明具有良好的预测效度。PCEs、终生创伤和儿童期创伤与 PTSD 和抑郁的严重程度以及亲社会行为独立相关。此外，PCEs 与终生创伤的交互作用负向预测 PTSD 和抑郁的严重程度，而 PCEs 与儿童期创伤的交互作用负向预测亲社会行为。在高水平的终生创伤中，PCEs 对 PTSD 和抑郁具有保护作用，而在高水平的儿童期创伤中，PCEs 对亲社会行为的积极影响会减弱。
结论
BCEs 量表在中国具有可靠和有效的特点。PCEs 可以缓冲逆境，促进成年人的积极结果。
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