在进化过程中保留重复基因。
Retention of duplicated genes in evolution.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3.
Department of Biology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700, Station CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 2Y2.
出版信息
Trends Genet. 2022 Jan;38(1):59-72. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.06.016. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Abstract
Gene duplication is a prevalent phenomenon across the tree of life. The processes that lead to the retention of duplicated genes are not well understood. Functional genomics approaches in model organisms, such as yeast, provide useful tools to test the mechanisms underlying retention with functional redundancy and divergence of duplicated genes, including fates associated with neofunctionalization, subfunctionalization, back-up compensation, and dosage amplification. Duplicated genes may also be retained as a consequence of structural and functional entanglement. Advances in human gene editing have enabled the interrogation of duplicated genes in the human genome, providing new tools to evaluate the relative contributions of each of these factors to duplicate gene retention and the evolution of genome structure.
摘要
基因复制是生命之树上普遍存在的现象。导致保留复制基因的过程尚不清楚。在酵母等模式生物中的功能基因组学方法提供了有用的工具，可以通过功能冗余和复制基因的分化来测试保留的机制，包括与新功能化、亚功能化、备份补偿和剂量扩增相关的命运。复制基因也可能由于结构和功能的纠缠而被保留。人类基因编辑的进步使人们能够在人类基因组中研究复制基因，为评估这些因素对复制基因保留和基因组结构进化的相对贡献提供了新的工具。
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