Kutay Ulrike, Jühlen Ramona, Antonin Wolfram
Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Medical School, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Trends Cell Biol. 2021 Dec;31(12):1019-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.06.011. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are huge protein assemblies within the nuclear envelope (NE) that serve as selective gates for macromolecular transport between nucleus and cytoplasm. When higher eukaryotic cells prepare for division, they rapidly disintegrate NPCs during NE breakdown such that nuclear and cytoplasmic components mix to enable the formation of a cytoplasmic mitotic spindle. At the end of mitosis, reassembly of NPCs is coordinated with the establishment of the NE around decondensing chromatin. We review recent progress on mitotic NPC disassembly and reassembly, focusing on vertebrate cells. We highlight novel mechanistic insights into how NPCs are rapidly disintegrated into conveniently reusable building blocks, and put divergent models of (post-)mitotic NPC assembly into a spatial and temporal context.
核孔复合体（NPCs）是核膜（NE）内巨大的蛋白质组装体，作为细胞核与细胞质之间大分子运输的选择性通道。当高等真核细胞准备分裂时，它们在核膜破裂期间迅速分解NPCs，从而使细胞核和细胞质成分混合，以形成细胞质有丝分裂纺锤体。在有丝分裂末期，NPCs的重新组装与围绕解聚染色质建立核膜相协调。我们综述了有丝分裂期间NPC解体和重新组装的最新进展，重点关注脊椎动物细胞。我们强调了关于NPCs如何迅速分解为便于重复使用的构件的新机制见解，并将（有丝分裂后）NPC组装的不同模型置于时空背景中。
