Brain, Cognition and Behavior PhD Program, University of Barcelona.
Psicothema. 2021 Aug;33(3):407-414. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2020.437.
Mindfulness skills training is a core component of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) that has proven to be an effective stand-alone treatment for the general symptoms commonly present in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based DBT skills training (DBT-M) to interpersonal effectiveness-based DBT skills training (DBT-IE) in reducing BPD symptoms. We also evaluated the specific mechanism of action of these therapies through two proposed mediators: decentering and emotion dysregulation.
A total of 102 participants diagnosed with BPD were included in the study. Multivariate repeated-measures ANOVAs were performed followed by a multiple mediation analysis.
The analyses showed that DBT-M was more effective than DBT-IE in reducing BPD symptoms, although both interventions were effective in reducing emotion dysregulation. We identified a serial mediation model in which DBT-M reduced BPD symptoms by increasing decentering ability, which in turn reduced emotion dysregulation. This mediation effect showed that changes in decentering preceded improvements in emotion dysregulation.
These findings underscore the key role of decentering as a primary mechanism of action in DBT-M, suggesting that this skill is a main component for BPD treatment.
正念技能训练是辩证行为疗法（DBT）的核心组成部分，已被证明是一种有效的独立治疗方法，可用于治疗边缘型人格障碍（BPD）患者常见的一般症状。本研究旨在比较基于正念的 DBT 技能训练（DBT-M）和基于人际效能的 DBT 技能训练（DBT-IE）在减轻 BPD 症状方面的有效性。我们还通过两种拟议的中介因素，即去中心化和情绪失调，评估了这些疗法的具体作用机制。
共有 102 名被诊断为 BPD 的参与者纳入了本研究。采用多变量重复测量方差分析，然后进行了多重中介分析。
分析表明，DBT-M 比 DBT-IE 更能有效减轻 BPD 症状，尽管两种干预措施都能有效减轻情绪失调。我们确定了一个序列中介模型，其中 DBT-M 通过增强去中心化能力来减轻 BPD 症状，而这反过来又降低了情绪失调。这种中介效应表明，去中心化的变化先于情绪失调的改善。
这些发现强调了去中心化作为 DBT-M 的主要作用机制的关键作用，表明这种技能是 BPD 治疗的主要组成部分。
