Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Middelheimlaan 1, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 14;22(14):7536. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147536.
Currently, there is still no cure for multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Treatment options predominantly consist of drugs that affect adaptive immunity and lead to a reduction of the inflammatory disease activity. A broad range of possible cell-based therapeutic options are being explored in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including MS. This review aims to provide an overview of recent and future advances in the development of cell-based treatment options for the induction of tolerance in MS. Here, we will focus on haematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, regulatory T cells and dendritic cells. We will also focus on less familiar cell types that are used in cell therapy, including B cells, natural killer cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We will address key issues regarding the depicted therapies and highlight the major challenges that lie ahead to successfully reverse autoimmune diseases, such as MS, while minimising the side effects. Although cell-based therapies are well known and used in the treatment of several cancers, cell-based treatment options hold promise for the future treatment of autoimmune diseases in general, and MS in particular.
目前，多发性硬化症（MS）仍然无法治愈，这是一种中枢神经系统的自身免疫性和神经退行性疾病。治疗方案主要包括影响适应性免疫并降低炎症性疾病活动的药物。在治疗自身免疫性疾病（包括 MS）方面，正在探索广泛的可能基于细胞的治疗选择。本综述旨在概述在诱导 MS 耐受方面基于细胞的治疗选择的最新和未来进展。在这里，我们将重点介绍造血干细胞、间充质基质细胞、调节性 T 细胞和树突状细胞。我们还将重点介绍细胞治疗中使用的不太熟悉的细胞类型，包括 B 细胞、自然杀伤细胞和外周血单核细胞。我们将解决所描述疗法的关键问题，并强调成功逆转自身免疫性疾病（如 MS）而最小化副作用所面临的主要挑战。尽管基于细胞的疗法在治疗多种癌症方面已广为人知且应用广泛，但基于细胞的治疗选择有望成为治疗一般自身免疫性疾病，尤其是多发性硬化症的未来治疗方法。
