Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90690-200, Brazil.
Graduate Program on Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul 96816-501, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 7;18(14):7267. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147267.
Physical exercise reduces the biochemical markers of obesity, but the effects of multicomponent interventions on these markers should be explored. The present study aimed to elucidate how overweight/obese adolescents respond to a multicomponent program approach on body composition, physical fitness, and inflammatory markers, using a quasi-experimental study with 33 overweight/obesity adolescents (control group (CG) = 16; intervention group (IG) = 17). The intervention consisted of 24 weeks with physical exercises and nutritional and psychological guidance. Both groups were evaluated at the pre/post-intervention moments on body mass index (BMI); body fat (%Fat); waist circumference (WC); waist/hip ratio (WHR); waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF); abdominal strength, flexibility; leptin; interleukin 6; interleukin 10; and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Mixed-analysis of variance and generalized estimation equations were used for statistical analysis. There was an interaction effect between groups and time on %Fat ( = 0.002), WC ( = 0.023), WHR ( < 0.001), WHtR ( = 0.035), CRF ( = 0.050), and leptin ( = 0.026). Adolescents were classified as 82.4% responders for %Fat, 70.6% for WC, 88.2% for WHR, and 70.6% for CRF. Further, there was an association between changes in %Fat ( = 0.033), WC ( = 0.032), and WHR ( = 0.033) between responders and non-responders with CRF in the IG. There was a positive effect on body composition, physical fitness, and leptin. In addition, reductions in body composition parameters were explained by CRF improvements.
身体锻炼可降低肥胖的生化标志物，但应探讨多种成分干预措施对这些标志物的影响。本研究旨在通过一项涉及 33 名超重/肥胖青少年的准实验研究，阐明超重/肥胖青少年对多成分方案在身体成分、身体适应性和炎症标志物方面的反应，其中对照组（CG）有 16 人，干预组（IG）有 17 人。干预措施包括 24 周的身体锻炼以及营养和心理指导。两组均在干预前/后时刻评估体重指数（BMI）；体脂肪（%Fat）；腰围（WC）；腰臀比（WHR）；腰高比（WHtR）；心肺适能（CRF）；腹部力量、柔韧性；瘦素；白细胞介素 6；白细胞介素 10；肿瘤坏死因子-α。采用混合方差分析和广义估计方程进行统计学分析。在%Fat（ = 0.002）、WC（ = 0.023）、WHR（ < 0.001）、WHtR（ = 0.035）、CRF（ = 0.050）和瘦素（ = 0.026）方面，组间和时间存在交互效应。青少年被归类为 82.4%对%Fat 有反应，70.6%对 WC 有反应，88.2%对 WHR 有反应，70.6%对 CRF 有反应。此外，IG 中，CRF 改善与%Fat（ = 0.033）、WC（ = 0.032）和 WHR（ = 0.033）变化之间的反应者和非反应者之间存在关联。对身体成分、身体适应性和瘦素有积极影响。此外，身体成分参数的降低可由 CRF 改善来解释。
