Healthy Lifestyle Institute, C.U.R.I.A.Mo. (Centro Universitario Ricerca Interdipartimentale Attività Motoria), Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Via G. Bambagioni, 19, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 28;19(15):9258. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159258.
Pediatric excess weight has reached severity worldwide, affecting physical health. Decreasing weight and body mass index (BMI) after exercise intervention reduces the cardiometabolic consequences; the role of age and gender on the effectiveness of exercise in overweight youth was debated in this study. A total of 138 overweight/obese young (75 girls, 63 boys) were recruited at Perugia (Italy) University to follow an exercise program. Participants were allocated into two groups (children, = 88 and adolescents, = 50). The study aimed to verify the efficacy of a mixed resistance-endurance exercise program in anthropometric and physical performance measures, evaluating the influence of gender and age on two groups of young overweight/obese participants. In children, we observed a statistically significant improvement in fat mass percentage, fat-free mass, waist circumference (WC), fat mass, as well as in strength, endurance, speed, and flexibility measures. We also observed reduced WC and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) values in girls. In the adolescents' subgroup, results showed a statistically significant variation in fat mass percentage, BMI, WC, and WHtR, and strength of the upper and lower limbs; we also observed a weight reduction in girls. A clinical approach, with the combination of strength and dynamometric tests plus the body composition study using air plethysmography methodology, is health-effective and allows for the monitoring of the efficacy of an exercise program in overweight/obese young people.
儿科超重问题已在全球范围内达到严重程度，影响身体健康。运动干预后减轻体重和体重指数（BMI）可降低心血管代谢后果；本研究探讨了年龄和性别对超重青少年运动效果的影响。共招募了 138 名超重/肥胖的年轻人（75 名女孩，63 名男孩）在佩鲁贾大学（意大利）参加运动计划。参与者被分为两组（儿童组，n=88；青少年组，n=50）。本研究旨在验证混合抗阻-耐力运动方案在人体测量和身体表现测量中的效果，评估性别和年龄对两组超重/肥胖年轻参与者的影响。在儿童组中，我们观察到脂肪百分比、去脂体重、腰围（WC）、脂肪量、力量、耐力、速度和灵活性等指标的统计学显著改善。我们还观察到女孩的 WC 和腰高比（WHtR）值降低。在青少年亚组中，结果显示脂肪百分比、BMI、WC 和 WHtR 以及上下肢力量等指标均存在统计学显著变化，女孩体重减轻。临床方法结合力量和测力测试以及使用空气体积描记法进行身体成分研究，对超重/肥胖年轻人健康有效，并可监测运动方案的效果。
