Binghamton University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton, New York
State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2022 Mar;86(3):8688. doi: 10.5688/ajpe8688. Epub 2021 Jul 22.
To evaluate pharmacy students' knowledge of and confidence regarding penicillin allergy assessment and skin testing (PAAST) before and after a focused didactic instruction and simulation (FDIS). A multicenter, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional survey study was performed among pharmacy students before and after FDIS on PAAST at two schools of pharmacy. The FDIS on PAAST consisted of an infectious disease faculty-led seminar, student-led penicillin allergy counseling interviews, penicillin skin testing simulation, and case studies to assess penicillin allergy scenarios and management. An anonymous, voluntary, electronic survey was distributed to students (n=159) before and after the FDIS. The pre- and post-intervention survey contained 10 PAAST knowledge-based questions and multi-step, five-point Likert scale statements related to students' confidence in PAAST. The post-intervention survey also evaluated students' perceptions of the FDIS on PAAST. Descriptive statistics were performed, and the Student t test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention responses. One hundred forty-three surveys were completed, resulting in a survey response rate of 90%. Students' PAAST knowledge scores (mean±SD) increased overall following the FDIS on PAAST (6.67±1.51 vs 7.81±1.39). Knowledge scores increased considerably for questions related to penicillin allergy consequences, cross-reactivity, and correct steps of PAAST. Pharmacy students' PAAST confidence scores (mean±SD) also improved following the interactive instruction and simulation (2.30±0.7 vs 3.22±0.67) with considerable confidence increases in penicillin skin testing. Pharmacy students' perceptions of the FDIS on PAAST were also positive overall. Pharmacy students' knowledge and confidence of PAAST improved following FDIS. This may be an effective strategy to implement PAAST education during pharmacy school.
评估药学专业学生在接受集中授课和模拟训练（FDIS）前后对青霉素过敏评估和皮肤试验（PAAST）的知识掌握情况和信心程度。在两所药学院进行了一项多中心、准实验、横断面调查研究，在 FDIS 前后对药学学生进行了关于 PAAST 的感染病学教师主导研讨会、学生主导青霉素过敏咨询访谈、青霉素皮肤试验模拟和案例研究，以评估青霉素过敏情况和管理。在 FDIS 前后，向学生（n=159）分发了匿名、自愿的电子调查。预干预和后干预调查均包含 10 个基于 PAAST 知识的问题和与学生对 PAAST 的信心相关的多步骤、五分制李克特量表陈述。后干预调查还评估了学生对 PAAST FDIS 的看法。进行了描述性统计，使用学生 t 检验比较了干预前后的反应。共完成 143 份调查，调查回复率为 90%。学生的 PAAST 知识评分（平均值±标准差）在接受 FDIS 后总体上有所提高（6.67±1.51 vs 7.81±1.39）。与青霉素过敏后果、交叉反应和 PAAST 正确步骤相关的问题的知识得分有了相当大的提高。药学专业学生的 PAAST 信心评分（平均值±标准差）在接受互动式教学和模拟训练后也有所提高（2.30±0.7 vs 3.22±0.67），青霉素皮肤试验的信心增加幅度较大。药学专业学生对 FDIS 的看法总体上也是积极的。FDIS 后，药学专业学生对 PAAST 的知识和信心有所提高。这可能是在药学学校实施 PAAST 教育的有效策略。
