Zhang Zhijin, Yang Xuwen, Li Xuan, Liu Jinfeng
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Jul;35(7):666-672. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.07.021.
Structural nasal obstruction(SNO) is a series of diseases caused by congenital or acquired structural anatomical abnormalities of nasal airway and its surrounding tissues, which leads to increased nasal ventilation resistance. The effect of medication drugs for SNO is poor and surgical intervention is often needed. However, the abnormal structure of nasal airway is very complex, including the periphery of nasal airway, internal nasal airway, the front and rear of nasal airway and complex factors. These abnormal structures may interfere with the nasal airflow mechanics by changing the nasal ventilation volume and disrupting the symmetry of the bilateral nasal cavity, and finally lead to subjective feeling of nasal obstruction. In addition, the structure of nasal airway has plasticity. After the abnormal structure appears, the corresponding compensation of nasal airway can occur to ensure normal nasal ventilation and bilateral nasal cavity symmetry. Therefore, the SNO is the result of the failure of nasal airway remodeling after the appearance of abnormal structures. The etiology of SNO is complex, involving original structural abnormalities, nasal symmetry changing and nasal airway structure remodeling. Therefore, accurate identification of the main factors leading to SNO is the vitalpremise of making personalized nasal ventilation surgery.
结构性鼻阻塞(SNO)是一系列由鼻气道及其周围组织先天性或后天性结构解剖异常引起的疾病,这会导致鼻通气阻力增加。治疗SNO的药物效果不佳,通常需要手术干预。然而,鼻气道的异常结构非常复杂,包括鼻气道外周、鼻气道内部、鼻气道前后以及复杂因素。这些异常结构可能通过改变鼻通气量和破坏双侧鼻腔的对称性来干扰鼻气流力学,最终导致鼻阻塞的主观感受。此外,鼻气道结构具有可塑性。异常结构出现后,鼻气道可发生相应的代偿,以确保正常的鼻通气和双侧鼻腔对称。因此,SNO是异常结构出现后鼻气道重塑失败的结果。SNO的病因复杂,涉及原始结构异常、鼻对称性改变和鼻气道结构重塑。因此,准确识别导致SNO的主要因素是进行个性化鼻通气手术的重要前提。