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双侧横窦缺如,窦汇通过扩大的枕窦和边缘窦引流。

Bilateral absence of the transverse sinuses with fenestrated superior sagittal sinus draining through enlarged occipital and marginal sinuses.

机构信息

Faculty of General Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania.

出版信息

Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2022;81(3):781-784. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2021.0070. Epub 2021 Jul 26.

DOI:10.5603/FM.a2021.0070
PMID:34308541
Abstract

The endothelial-lined dural venous sinuses collect blood from the brain, meninges, and calvaria and drain it to the internal jugular veins. The adult drainage pathway of the venous sinuses confluent is commonly via the transverse and sigmoid sinuses to the jugular bulb. The occipital (OS) and marginal (MS) sinuses are well-represented before birth, in most cases. During a retrospective study of the computed tomography angiograms of a 64-year-old female was found a rare combination of variants of the posterior fossa sinuses. The confluence of the dural venous sinuses was rhomboidal and drained superiorly the superior sagittal sinus, and inferiorly a well-represented OS. The transverse sinuses were aplastic, on the right side, and hypoplastic on the opposite side. The OS further drained into the MS which, on each side, emptied into the respective jugular bulb. On each side a condylar vein left the junction of the sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb. Such posterior fossa drainage, exclusively on the OS-MS pathway, should be kept in mind when transections of the venous sinuses are intended during neurosurgical approaches of the foramen magnum. The OS-MS drainage is rather a persisting foetal pattern. The bilateral anatomical exclusion of the transverse sinuses is an added condition to spare the OS and MS.

摘要

内皮衬里的硬脑膜静脉窦从大脑、脑膜和颅骨收集血液,并将其引流至颈内静脉。成人静脉窦的引流途径通常是通过横窦和乙状窦到颈静脉球。枕窦(OS)和边缘窦(MS)在大多数情况下,在出生前就已经很好地发育了。在对一名 64 岁女性的计算机断层血管造影进行回顾性研究时,发现了一种罕见的后颅窝窦变体组合。硬脑膜静脉窦的汇合呈菱形,向上引流上矢状窦,向下引流发育良好的枕窦。右侧横窦发育不全,对侧横窦发育不良。枕窦进一步引流至 MS,每侧 MS 都将血液排入相应的颈静脉球。每侧一条髁静脉离开乙状窦和颈静脉球的交界处。当打算在颅颈交界区的神经外科手术中横断静脉窦时,应注意这种仅通过 OS-MS 途径的后颅窝引流。OS-MS 引流是一种较为持久的胎儿模式。双侧横窦的解剖学缺失是一种附加条件,可以避免枕窦和边缘窦的损伤。

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