Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Nov;75(11):e14593. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14593. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
Anxiety can negatively affect patients' prognosis in cardiovascular disease. Aromatherapy helps reduce anxiety level in chronic diseases. However, the effectiveness of aromatherapy on anxiety and haemodynamic variables remains uncertain.
To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of aromatherapy on anxiety and haemodynamic variables in patients with cardiovascular disease.
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The CINAHL COMPLETE, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, Ovid and ProQuest databases were searched. The study was conducted in line with the Cochrane and PRISMA guideline. Examination for bias in the included studies was conducted with the Cochrane bias guideline. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated.
Twelve studies published from 2012 to 2020 were included in the meta-analysis. Lavender aromatherapy inhalation was used the most for anxiety in patients. Aromatherapy had a highly significant effect on anxiety, systolic blood pressure and heart rate, a moderate effect on breathing rate and a non-significant effect on diastolic blood pressure. The Cochrane GRADE approach was used to assess the rating of the certainty of evidence. A high level of evidence was found for the effect of aromatherapy on heart rate, a moderate level for the effect of aromatherapy on anxiety and breathing rate and a low level for the effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure and lavender on anxiety.
It was found that aromatherapy reduced anxiety, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and breathing rate in patients with cardiovascular disease. This study provides information to researchers and health professionals about the effectiveness of aromatherapy on decreasing anxiety and haemodynamic variables in patients with cardiovascular disease. Also, the study can contribute to planning studies which are better designed, conducted and reported.
焦虑会对心血管疾病患者的预后产生负面影响。芳香疗法有助于降低慢性病患者的焦虑水平。然而，芳香疗法对焦虑和血液动力学变量的疗效仍不确定。
评估芳香疗法对心血管疾病患者焦虑和血液动力学变量的疗效。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
对 CINAHL COMPLETE、Cochrane 中心、Web of Science、Pubmed、Scopus、Science Direct、Ovid 和 ProQuest 数据库进行了检索。研究按照 Cochrane 和 PRISMA 指南进行。使用 Cochrane 偏倚指南对纳入研究的偏倚进行了检查。评估了异质性和发表偏倚。
荟萃分析纳入了 2012 年至 2020 年发表的 12 项研究。薰衣草芳香疗法吸入在治疗患者焦虑方面应用最广泛。芳香疗法对焦虑、收缩压和心率有显著影响，对呼吸频率有中度影响，对舒张压无显著影响。采用 Cochrane GRADE 方法评估证据等级。发现芳香疗法对心率的影响具有高度证据水平，对焦虑和呼吸频率的影响具有中度证据水平，对血压和薰衣草对焦虑的影响具有低度证据水平。
研究发现芳香疗法可降低心血管疾病患者的焦虑、收缩压、心率和呼吸频率。本研究为研究人员和卫生专业人员提供了关于芳香疗法降低心血管疾病患者焦虑和血液动力学变量的有效性的信息。此外，该研究可以为更好地设计、进行和报告研究做出贡献。
